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December 16, 2025
Dear CSES User Community,
The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) project is pleased to announce that the Second Advance Release of CSES Module 6, whose theme is “Representative Democracy Under Pressure,” is now available. The dataset and accompanying documentation are available for download, at no cost, from the CSES website.
Eleven new election studies have been added to the product as of this release: Austria 2024, New Zealand 2023, Poland 2023, Portugal 2024, Slovakia 2023, the Republic of North Macedonia 2024, Slovenia 2022, Sweden 2022, Switzerland 2023, Taiwan 2024, and the United States 2024.
This Advance Release also boasts the following:
– A suite of derivative variables, including pre-coded vote choice for left/right, vote choice by ideological family, turnout and vote switching variables, generational classification variables, and a first-time voter variable.
– Vote choice variables linked with expert populism classifications by CSES Collaborators.
– A series of bridging variables that facilitates easy linking of CSES Module 6 data with a host of other data, including the Manifesto Project Database (MARPOR/CMP) and the Party Facts Database.
– Variables that enable users to easily merge CSES Module 6 vote choice data with the CSES Integrated Module Dataset (IMD), a product of the project that includes selected data from CSES Modules 1-5.
We hope that until the Full Release of CSES Module 6 is available, users will find this and future CSES Module 6 Advance Releases helpful in their work.
Thank you to our Collaborators for their contributions to CSES Module 6, and to everyone in our user community for your support of the CSES project!