=========================================================================== COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ELECTORAL SYSTEMS (CSES) INTEGRATED MODULE DATASET (IMD) CODEBOOK PART 4: CSES IMD - PARTIES/COALITIONS, AND LEADERS, ALPHABETICAL CODES (RELATIONAL DATA) PHASE 4 RELEASE - FEBRUARY 27, 2024 CSES Secretariat www.cses.org =========================================================================== HOW TO CITE THE STUDY: The Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (www.cses.org). CSES INTEGRATED MODULE DATASET PHASE 4 RELEASE [dataset and documentation]. February 27, 2024 version. doi:10.7804/cses.imd.2024-02-27. These materials are based on work supported by the American National Science Foundation (www.nsf.gov) under grant numbers SES-0817701, SES-1154687, SES-1420973, and SES-1760058, the GESIS - Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences, the University of Michigan, in-kind support of participating election studies, the many organizations that sponsor planning meetings and conferences, and the numerous organizations that fund national election studies by CSES collaborators. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions, or recommendations expressed in these materials are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding organizations. =========================================================================== =========================================================================== TABLE OF CONTENTS =========================================================================== ))) IMPORTANT NOTE REGARDING PHASE 4 RELEASE OF THE CSES INTEGRATED MODULE DATASET (IMD) ))) OVERVIEW OF "CODEBOOK PART 4: PARTIES/COALITIONS AND LEADERS, ALPHABETICAL CODES (RELATIONAL DATA)" ))) HOW TO NAVIGATE THE CSES IMD CODEBOOK ))) CSES CODEBOOK - POLITY NOTES AND ELECTION STUDY NOTES ))) CSES DATA BRIDGING: NEW FRONTIERS ))) CSES IMD CODING OF PARTIES/COALITIONS & LEADERS CONVENTION >>> CSES CODING OF PARTY/COALITIONS AND LEADERS IN CSES IMD - A NEW DEPARTURE FOR CSES ))) ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES FOR CSES IMD BY CSES MODULE & POLITY >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ALBANIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ARGENTINA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRALIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELARUS >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELGIUM >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BRAZIL >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BULGARIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CANADA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CHILE >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: COSTA RICA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CROATIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CZECH R./CZECHIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: DENMARK >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: EL SALVADOR >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ESTONIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: FINLAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: FRANCE >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: GERMANY >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREAT BRITAIN >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREECE >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: HONG KONG >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: HUNGARY >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ICELAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: INDIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: IRELAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ISRAEL >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ITALY >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: JAPAN >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: KENYA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: KYRGYZSTAN >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: LATVIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: LITHUANIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: MEXICO >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: MONTENEGRO >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: NETHERLANDS >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: NEW ZEALAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: NORWAY >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: PERU >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: PHILIPPINES >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: POLAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: PORTUGAL >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ROMANIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: RUSSIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SERBIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVAKIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVENIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH AFRICA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH KOREA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SPAIN >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWEDEN >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWITZERLAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: TAIWAN >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: THAILAND >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: TUNISIA >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: TURKEY >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: UKRAINE >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: UNITED STATES >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: URUGUAY ))) ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES FOR CSES IMD BY CSES MODULE & POLITY >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ARGENTINA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRALIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELARUS >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELGIUM >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BRAZIL >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BULGARIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CANADA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CHILE >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: COSTA RICA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CROATIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: DENMARK >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: EL SALVADOR >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ESTONIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: FINLAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: FRANCE >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: GERMANY >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREAT BRITAIN >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREECE >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: HONG KONG >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: HUNGARY >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ICELAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: INDIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: IRELAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ISRAEL >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ITALY >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: JAPAN >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: KENYA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: LATVIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: LITHUANIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: MEXICO >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: MONTENEGRO >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: NETHERLANDS >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: NEW ZEALAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: NORWAY >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: PERU >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: PHILIPPINES >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: POLAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: PORTUGAL >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ROMANIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: RUSSIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SERBIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVAKIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVENIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH AFRICA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH KOREA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SPAIN >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWEDEN >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWITZERLAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: TAIWAN >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: THAILAND >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: TUNISIA >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: TURKEY >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: UKRAINE >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: UNITED STATES >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: URUGUAY =========================================================================== ))) IMPORTANT NOTE REGARDING PHASE 4 RELEASE OF THE CSES INTEGRATED MODULE DATASET (IMD) =========================================================================== This dataset and all accompanying documentation comprises the Phase 4 Release of the CSES Integrated Module Dataset (IMD). The CSES Integrated Module Dataset is being released in a phased way. Thus, this release is an advance version of the dataset, and thus lacks some of the checking, documentation, and inclusion of certain variables that are expected with the Full Release of this dataset. This Phase 4 Release is provided as a service to the CSES user community, for those analysts who find it valuable to work with preliminary versions of the dataset. We would appreciate being notified of any errors in the dataset or documentation by email to "cses@umich.edu". Users should expect future changes and improvements to the data and documentation of variables. If users wish to re-use their programming code on a future release of the file, the code should be written in a way that is flexible and can be accommodating of these future changes. Users of the CSES Integrated Module Dataset (IMD) may wish to monitor the errata for CSES IMD on the CSES website, to check for known errors which may impact their analyses. To view errata for CSES IMD Phase 4, go to the Data Center on the CSES website, navigate to the CSES IMD download page, and click on the Errata link in the gray box to the right of the page. Users of the CSES Integrated Module Dataset (IMD) are also advised that while the CSES IMD Codebook is comprehensive, users are strongly advised to consult Standalone Module documentation including Standalone Module Codebooks, Macro Reports, Design Reports and Election Summaries. =========================================================================== ))) OVERVIEW OF "CODEBOOK PART 4: PARTIES/COALITIONS AND LEADERS, ALPHABETICAL CODES (RELATIONAL DATA)" =========================================================================== Part 4 of the CSES IMD Codebook identifies and details the ALPHABETICAL codes (A-I) used in CSES IMD to code relational data for parties/coalitions and leaders participating in a polity's national election. The alphabetical classifications assigned to parties/coalitions and leaders for which we have relational data are listed by polity. In contrast to the numerical party codes (see CSES IMD Codebook Part 3), the alphabetical codes are not harmonized across election studies within the same polity. =========================================================================== ))) HOW TO NAVIGATE THE CSES IMD CODEBOOK =========================================================================== CSES IMD Codebook is produced in .txt format to allow for easy accessibility and as such, the Codebook can be read into a variety of programs. The CSES IMD Codebook can be navigated quickly in the electronic files, with the following commands allowing for quick searching: ))) = Section Header >>> = Sub-section Header 1 <<>> = Sub-section Header 2 +++ = Tables VARIABLES NOTES = Notes for particular variables. POLITY NOTES = Notes for a particular polity. [POLITY NOTES] = Notes for a particular polity where data in CSES IMD deviates from published data in Standalone CSES Modules. ELECTION STUDY NOTES = Notes for a particular election study. [ELECTION STUDY NOTES] = Notes for a particular election study where data in CSES IMD deviates from published data in Standalone CSES Modules. DERIVATIVE VARIABLE = Highlights a variable derived from another variable or variables within the CSES. POTENTIAL POLITY LEVEL BRIDGING IDENTIFIER = Highlights a variable that may be used for data bridging at polity level. POTENTIAL REGIONAL LEVEL BRIDGING IDENTIFIER = Highlights a variable that may be used for data bridging at regional level. POTENTIAL TIME BRIDGING IDENTIFIER = Highlights a variable that may be used for data bridging by time. POTENTIAL PARTY/COALITION LEVEL BRIDGING IDENTIFIER = Highlights a variable that may be used for data bridging at party/coalition level. =========================================================================== ))) CSES CODEBOOK - POLITY NOTES AND ELECTION STUDY NOTES =========================================================================== A unique dimension of the CSES are the inclusion of POLITY NOTES and ELECTION STUDY NOTES. They are notes which are attached to each variable included in the dataset and refer to case-specific information regarding a particular variable. This information may apply to a polity consistently in the dataset (i.e.: a POLITY NOTE) or one election study in the dataset (i.e.: an ELECTION STUDY NOTE). Their purpose is to provide users with more detailed information on the case or explain essential deviations specific to cases from CSES conventions. They can be navigated in the Codebook by searching for "POLITY NOTES" or "ELECTION STUDY NOTES" in Parts 2-5 of the CSES IMD Codebook. =========================================================================== ))) CSES DATA BRIDGING: NEW FRONTIERS =========================================================================== Data Bridging enables users to bring together information from CSES with other data sources. The concept is part of CSES Data Linkage efforts. CSES has been a pioneer of Data Linkage with the inclusion of various macro-level data originating from other sources (e.g., The World Bank, the IDEA) directly in CSES data products, including in CSES IMD. Data Bridging gives users the power to build on the direct data linkage in CSES products by enabling users to easily link other data with CSES products. CSES IMD enables users to bridge data with other prominent datasets in political science by including standard identifiers at the polity, year, and party level used by other projects to facilitate merging. CSES IMD facilitates data bridging with other datasets at the polity level with the following variables: - IMD1006_UN ID COMPONENT - POLITY UN ISO_3166-1 NUMERIC CODE - IMD1006_UNALPHA2 ID COMPONENT - POLITY UN ISO_3166-1 ALPHABETIC TWO LETTER CODE - IMD1006_UNALPHA3 ID COMPONENT - POLITY UN ISO_3166-1 ALPHABETIC THREE LETTER CODE - IMD1006_NAM ID COMPONENT - POLITY NAME - IMD1006_VDEM ID COMPONENT - V-Dem POLITY IDENTIFIER More details can be found on all these variables in CSES IMD Codebook Part 2 by searching for the variable name (e.g., "IMD1006_UN") or using the search term "POTENTIAL POLITY LEVEL BRIDGING IDENTIFIER". CSES IMD facilitates data bridging with other datasets at the regional level through the following variables: - IMD1006_REG ID COMPONENT - POLITY UN GEOGRAPHIC REGIONS NUMERIC CODES More details can be found on all these variables in CSES IMD Codebook Part 2 by searching for the variable name (e.g., "IMD1006_UN") or using the search term "POTENTIAL REGIONAL LEVEL BRIDGING IDENTIFIER". CSES IMD facilitates data bridging with other datasets by date through the following variables: - IMD1008_YEAR ID COMPONENT - ELECTION YEAR - IMD1011_M DATE 1ST ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - MONTH - IMD1011_D DATE 1ST ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - DAY - IMD1011_Y DATE 1ST ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - YEAR - IMD1011_1 DATE 1ST ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - YYYY-MM-DD - IMD1011_2 DATE 1ST ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - YYYYMM - IMD1012_M DATE 2ND ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - MONTH - IMD1012_D DATE 2ND ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - DAY - IMD1012_Y DATE 2ND ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - YEAR - IMD1012_1 DATE 2ND ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - YYYY-MM-DD - IMD1012_2 DATE 2ND ROUND ELECTION BEGAN - YYYYMM More details can be found on all these variables in CSES IMD Codebook Part 2 by searching for the variable name (e.g., "IMD1008_YEAR") or using the search term "POTENTIAL TIME BRIDGING IDENTIFIER". CSES IMD facilitates data bridging with other datasets at the party/ coalition level with the following variables: - IMD5100_A-I MANIFESTO RESEARCH ON POLITICAL REPRESENTATION (MARPOR/CMP) IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I - IMD5101_A-I PARLIAMENTS AND GOVERNMENT DATABASE (PARLGOV) IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I - IMD5102_A-I CHAPEL HILL EXPERT SURVEY (CHES) IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I - IMD5103_A-I PARTY FACTS IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I More details can be found on all these variables in CSES IMD Codebook Part 2 by searching for the variable name (e.g., "IMD5100_A") or using the search term "POTENTIAL PARTY/COALITION BRIDGING IDENTIFIER." can also see the specific bridging codes for each party/coalition assigned an alphabetical code in CSES by other projects in Part 5 of the CSES IMD Codebook. =========================================================================== ))) CSES IMD CODING OF PARTIES/COALITIONS & LEADERS CONVENTION =========================================================================== --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> CSES CODING OF PARTY/COALITIONS AND LEADERS IN CSES IMD - A NEW DEPARTURE FOR CSES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- <<>> CSES IMD NUMERICAL PARTY/COALITION CODING - HARMONIZATION CSES IMD marks a radical new departure in the CSES approach to the coding of parties and coalitions. All parties/coalitions or Presidential candidates, where applicable, participating in the election or the previous election receive a NUMERICAL code. These codes are used to identify the following: - Who the respondent voted for in the current election (IMD3002). - Who the respondent voted for in the previous election (IMD3004). - The respondent's party identification (IMD3005_3). - Party/coalition that best represents the respondents' views (IMD3016_2). - Numeric party code identifiers for relational data (IMD5000_). - Party/coalition of the Prime Minister before and after the election (IMD5008_). - Party/coalition of the President before and after the election (IMD5009_). In CSES IMD, each party/coalition receives a unique numerical identifier that is consistent across modules. This seven-digit numerical identifier contains information on the polity and a unique numerical value to distinguish the party/coalition. Hence, numerical party/coalition codes are harmonized across Modules within CSES IMD. The first three digits of the identifier consist of the three-digit UN Polity Identifier Code. The remaining four digits consist of numerical codes ranging from 0001 to 9999 with each party/coalition assigned a value that remains consistent across Modules. In assigning of the last four digits, macro data specialists have assigned codes with consistent leading vote-getters in a polity being assigned lower values. Beyond this, the allocation of the final four digits is random. The harmonized and consistent codes for parties/coalitions are detailed in Part 3 of the CSES IMD Codebook. Users can search for the following term: "CSES IMD HARMONIZED PARTY/COALITION NUMERICAL CODES" <<>> CSES IMD NUMERICAL PARTY/COALITION CODING - IMPORTANT NOTES In cases of a merger between two parties, the newly created party/coalition receives a different numerical code from its previous incarnations. When parties compete in electoral alliances/coalitions, the alliance/coalition receives a different numerical code from the constituent parties that make it up. Parties/coalitions that merely undergo a name change do not receive a new unique code. Instead a POLITY/ELECTION STUDY NOTE will note the name change. <<>> CSES IMD ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODING - RELATIONAL DATA CSES IMD includes relational data for parties/coalitions. In CSES IMD, as in Standalone CSES Modules, this data is coded using an ALPHABETICAL classification with parties/coalitions where data is available receiving an alphabetical code (A-I). Parties/coalitions A through F are the six most popular parties/coalitions, ordered in descending order of their share of the popular vote in the said polity's election (unless otherwise stated). Thus Party A is the party/coalition that received the most votes in the election, party B the second most votes, etc... Parties/coalitions who achieve at least 1% of the vote nationally are eligible for an alphabetical A-F assignment. In countries with multiple electoral tiers and where one vote is cast, parties are ordered according to their vote share in tier 1 (the lowest tier), unless otherwise stated. In countries where voters have two votes (i.e., a constituency and a list vote) simultaneously, for example Germany, parties are ordered by the national share of the party list vote (tier 2). Parties G, H, and I are supplemental parties. They may, but do not have to, accord with how parties A-F are ordered, that is ordered on the popular share of the vote in a country. More often, they are codified in no particular order. These parties are voluntarily provided by each polity's election study and often reflect important or notable parties within a polity. They may also include data about individual parties within a coalition, where data about the coalition and the individual parties, or some of these parties that make it up, are provided. These codes are used to identify the following in the micro-component of the CSES dataset: - Respondent's left-right placement of the party/coalition (variable IMD3007). - Respondent's likeability of the party/coalition (variable IMD3008). These alphabetical codes are used to identify the macro level information about these said parties/coalitions, namely: - Election Results: percentage of vote for each party/coalition in lower house (variable IMD5001_) - Election Results: percentage of seats for each party/coalition in lower house (variable IMD5002_) - Election Results: percentage of vote for each party/coalition in upper house (variable IMD5003_) - Election Results: percentage of seats for each party/coalition in upper house (variable IMD5004_) - Election Results: percentage of vote for each party/coalition in Presidential election (variable IMD5005_) - Expert judgments by the national collaborators of the said party/ coalition's ideological family placement (variable IMD5011_). - Expert judgments by the national collaborators of the said party/ coalition's left-right placement (variable IMD5012_). - Number of cabinet portfolios held by each party/coalition before the election (variable IMD5029_). - Number of cabinet portfolios held by each party/coalition after the election (variable IMD5031_). - The said party/coalition's Manifesto Research on Political Representation (MARPOR/CMP) Identifier (variable IMD5100_). - The said party/coalition's Parliaments and Government Database (ParlGov) Identifier (variable IMD5101_). - The said party/coalition's Chapel Hill Expert Survey (CHES) Identifier (variable IMD5102_). - The said party/coalition's Party Facts Identifier (variable IMD5103_). To allow users to see what party/coalition A-I refers to in a particular election within a polity, variable IMD5000 provides identifiers within the dataset with detailed labels. In addition, Part 4 of the CSES IMD Codebook details the alphabetical classifications for each polity by Standalone CSES Module. Users can search in Part 4 of the CSES IMD Codebook with the following term: "ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE" <<>> CSES ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODING CSES IMD includes relational data for leaders of parties/coalitions. In CSES IMD, as in Standalone CSES Modules, this data is coded using an ALPHABETICAL classification with leaders where data is available receiving an alphabetical code (A-I). Leaders A through F tend to be the leaders of the six most popular parties/coalitions or the Presidential candidates of these parties. They correspond to parties A-F (i.e., Leader A will be related to Party A in some way, Leader B will be related to Party B, etc...) Leaders G, H, and I are supplemental leaders. They may be related to parties G, H, I but they do not have to be. These leaders are voluntarily provided by each country's election study and often include data about additional personalities of interest. For example, in a parliamentary system, data about a President might be provided, even if the Presidency is not being contested. On many occasions, slots for Leader G, H, and I will include additional data for parties/coalitions that have multiple leaders. These codes are used to identify the following in the micro and macro components of the CSES dataset: - Respondent's likeability of the leader/personality in question (variable IMD3009). To allow users to see what Leader A-I refers to in a particular election within a polity, Part 4 of the CSES IMD Codebook details the alphabetical classifications of leaders for each polity by Standalone CSES Module. Users can search in Part 4 of the CSES IMD Codebook with the following term: "ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE" =========================================================================== ))) ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES FOR CSES IMD BY CSES MODULE AND POLITY =========================================================================== This section details the relational data (i.e., in Standalone CSES Modules data which was collected and involved the assigning of alphabetical codes) for political parties/coalitions. These data are related to several different measures in CSES IMD. The first is respondent's likeability of parties/coalitions. The question asked of respondents was: "I'd like to know what you think about each of our political parties. After I read the name of a political party, please rate it on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means you strongly dislike that party and 10 means that you strongly like that party. If I come to a party you haven't heard of or you feel you do not know enough about, just say so." These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A3020_A-I - MODULE 2: B3037_A-I - MODULE 3: C3009_A-I - MODULE 4: D3011_A-I - MODULE 5: E3017_A-I The second is the placement of parties on the left-right ideological scale by respondents. The question asked of respondents was: "In politics people sometimes talk of left and right. Where would you place [PARTY A] on a scale from 0 to 10 where 0 means the left and 10 means the right?" These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A3032_A-I - MODULE 2: B3038_A-I - MODULE 3: C3011_A-I - MODULE 4: D3013_A-I - MODULE 5: E3019_A-I The third is the placement of parties on the left-right ideological scale by national collaborators. The question asked of national collaborators was: "Please indicate party positions on a left-right dimension (in the expert judgment of the CSES Collaborator). Please use the same parties that were used in the CSES Module 4 respondent questionnaire, and label them the same way (A-I)." These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5004_A-I - MODULE 2: B5018_A-I - MODULE 3: C5017_A-I - MODULE 4: D5017_A-I - MODULE 5: E5018_A-I The fourth is the expert judgment by the national collaborators as to which ideological family each party belongs to. Collaborators are presented with a list of suggestions for ideological party family groups. If collaborators find a particular party does not fit well into this classification scheme, they are asked to provide an alternative ideological family group for that party and some explanation. These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5002_A-I - MODULE 2: B5012_A-I - MODULE 3: C5016_A-I - MODULE 4: D5016_A-I - MODULE 5: E5017_A-I The fifth is the results of the current election, i.e., the percentage of popular vote and seats for each party/coalition in the respective Lower House, Upper House, or Presidential Election, if applicable. The question asked of national collaborators was: "Please list all parties who received at least 1 percent of the vote nationally, and the applicable electoral results for each, in the following table. Please indicate the source (even if the same as in [QUESTION]), and add additional rows to the table as necessary. Please provide party names both in English and in the original language, if applicable." Since CSES Module 4, the CSES Secretariat always verifies the election results provided by the collaborators. Data on the percentage of the vote for each party/coalition in the current lower house election were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5005_A-I - MODULE 2: B5001_A-I - MODULE 3: C5001_A-I - MODULE 4: D5001_A-I - MODULE 5: E5001_A-I Data on the percentage of seats for each party/coalition in the current lower house election were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5006_A-I - MODULE 2: B5002_A-I - MODULE 3: C5002_A-I - MODULE 4: D5002_A-I - MODULE 5: E5002_A-I Data on the percentage of the vote for each party/coalition in the current upper house election were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5007_A-I - MODULE 2: B5003_A-I - MODULE 3: C5003_A-I - MODULE 4: D5003_A-I - MODULE 5: E5003_A-I Data on the percentage of seats for each party/coalition in the current upper house election were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5008_A-I - MODULE 2: B5004_A-I - MODULE 3: C5004_A-I - MODULE 4: D5004_A-I - MODULE 5: E5004_A-I Data on the percentage of the vote for each party/coalition in the current Presidential election were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A5009_A-I - MODULE 2: B5005_A-I - MODULE 3: C5005_A-I - MODULE 4: D5005_A-I - MODULE 5: E5005_A-I The sixth measure is the number of cabinet portfolios held by each party/ coalition before the election. The question asked of national collaborators was: "Report the number of cabinet ministers of each party or parties in cabinet, prior to the most recent election. (If one party holds all cabinet posts, simply write "all".) Ministers are considered those members of government who are members of the cabinet and who have cabinet voting rights. List also cabinet members that are 'independent'. If known, specify if the 'independents' are affiliated or close to certain parties." These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 2-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: Not included - MODULE 2: B5007_A-I (Number of Portfolios Before) - MODULE 3: C5009_A-I (Government Composition Before Election) - MODULE 4: D5009_A-I (Government Composition Before Election) - MODULE 5: E5011_A-I (Number of Portfolios Before Election) The seventh is the number of cabinet portfolios held by each party/ coalition after the election. The question asked of national collaborators was: "Report the number of cabinet ministers of each party or parties in cabinet, after the most recent election. (If one party holds all cabinet posts, simply write "all"). Ministers are considered those members of government who are members of the cabinet and who have cabinet voting rights. List also cabinet members that are 'independent'. If known, specify if the 'independents' are affiliated or close to certain parties. These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 2-5. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: Not included - MODULE 2: B5009_A-I (Number of Portfolios After) - MODULE 3: C5013_A-I (Government Composition After Election) - MODULE 4: D5013_A-I (Government Composition After Election) - MODULE 5: E5015_A-I (Number of Portfolios After Election) In the below lists, modules are abbreviated: M1=Module 1; M2=Module 2; M3=Module 3; M4=Module 4; M5=Module 5. Political parties within each polity are listed in ascending order of numerical codes assigned in CSES IMD. Official abbreviations for parties/coalitions are provided where possible. In instances where a polity fielded the same Module twice (e.g., Brazil for Module 3), accompanying POLITY NOTES detail the alphabetical assignment for each election study within that module for that polity. Where a polity did not appear in a particular module, we use "-". Polities are listed below in alphabetical order. CSES IMD also enables users to data bridge - link CSES data to other data themselves on several levels of analysis including the party/coalition level. CSES IMD facilitates data bridging with at the party/coalition for any party/coalition assigned an alphabetical code in a CSES election study. CSES IMD enables this form of data bridging through the following variables: - IMD5100_A-I MANIFESTO RESEARCH ON POLITICAL REPRESENTATION (MARPOR/CMP) IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I - IMD5101_A-I PARLIAMENTS AND GOVERNMENT DATABASE (PARLGOV) IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I - IMD5102_A-I CHAPEL HILL EXPERT SURVEY (CHES) IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I - IMD5103_A-I PARTY FACTS IDENTIFIER - PARTY A-I Part 5 of the CSES IMD Codebook details data bridging identifiers from other comparative projects and users are advised to consult here for more information. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ALBANIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0080001. Socialist Party of Albania (PS) - B - - A 0080002. Democratic Party of Albania (PD) - A - - B 0080003. Socialist Movement for Integration (LSI) - E - - C 0080004. Republican Party (PR) - C - - - 0080005. Social Democratic Party of Albania (PSD) - D - - F 0080006. Party for Justice, Integration and Unity - - - - D (PDIU) 0080007. Libra Party (LIBRA) - - - - E 0080010. Christian Democratic Party (PDK) - I - - - 0080011. Democratic Alliance Party (PAD) - H - - - 0080030. New Democratic Party (PDR) - F - - - 0080031. Agrarian Party (PAA) - G - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ARGENTINA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0320001. Front for the Victory (FPV) - - - A - 0320002. Let's Change (Cam) - - - B - 0320003. United for a New Alternative (UNA) - - - C - 0320004. Workers' Left Front (FIT) - - - D - 0320005. Progressives (Pro) - - - E - 0320006. Federal Commitment (ACF) - - - F - 0320007. Republican Proposal (PRO) - - - G - 0320008. Radical Civic Union (UCR) - - - H - 0320009. Justicialist Party (PJ, Peronismo) - - - I - | POLITY NOTES - ARGENTINA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 0320002: Let's Change (Cam) is an electoral coalition founded | in 2015 and composed of Republican Proposal (PRO), Radical Civic | Union (UCR) and Civic Coalition (CC-ARI). | | 0320003: United for a New Alternative (UNA) is an electoral | coalition founded in 2015. The Popular Union (UP) is a member | of this coalition. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRALIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0360001. Liberal Party (LP) B A B A A 0360002. National Party of Australia (NPA) C D C E D 0360003. Australian Labor Party (ALP) A B A B B 0360004. Australian Democrats (AD) D F - - - 0360005. Australian Greens (AG) E C D C C 0360008. (Pauline Hanson's) One Nation (PHON) - G - - F 0360011. Family First Party (FFP) - E - - - 0360013. Palmer United Party (PUP) / - - - D E United Australia Party (UAP) | POLITY NOTES - AUSTRALIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | In the MODULE 1 Codebook, the letter F was awarded to code | 9999992. Other Party. As there is neither data for PARTY F nor | LEADER F, it is not listed here. | | 0360013. Palmer United Party (PUP) changed its name to "United | Australia Party (UAP)" in June 2018. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0400001. Social Democratic Party of Austria (SPO) - - A A B 0400002. Austrian People's Party (OVP) - - B B A 0400003. Freedom Party of Austria (FPO) - - C C C 0400004. Alliance for the Future of Austria (BZO) - - D E - 0400005. The Greens - The Green Alternative (GRUENE) - - E D F 0400006. Communist Party of Austria (KPO) - - - H - 0400007. Liberal Forum (LiF) - - F - - 0400008. Peter Pilz List (PILZ) - - - - E 0400010. The New Austria (NEOS) - - - F D 0400012. Team Stronach (TEAM STRONACH) - - - G - 0400013. Dinkhauser List - - G - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELARUS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1120001. Communist Party of Belarus A - A - - 1120002. Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) D - H - - 1120004. Agrarian Party B - B - - 1120005. United Civil Party H - F - - 1120008. Belarusian Left Party 'A Just World' - - E - - 1120009. Belarusian Social-Democratic (Assembly) - - G - - 1120017. Christian Conservative Party (BPF) I - C - - 1120019. Belarusian Social-Democratic Party (BSDPH) G - - - - 1120027. The BNF Party - - D - - | POLITY NOTES - BELARUS: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 1120008: Belarusian Left Party 'A Just World' was formerly known | as "The Party of Communists Belorusskaya." --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELGIUM --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0560001. New Flemish Alliance (N-VA) - H - - FLA A 0560002. Socialist Party (Francophone) (SP) WAL A D - - WAL A 0560003. Christian Democratic & Flemish (CD&V) FLA B C - - FLA C 0560004. (Open) Flemish Liberals and Democrats FLA A A - - FLA D (Open-VLD) 0560005. Socialist Party Differently (SP.A) FLA C B - - FLA E 0560009. People's Party (PP) - - - - WAL G 0560010. Humanist Democratic Centre (CDH) - G - - WAL E 0560011. Workers' Party of Belgium (PVDA / PTB) - - - - FLA G/ WAL D 0560012. Flemish Block/Importance (VB) FLA D E - - FLA B 0560013. Confederated Ecologists (ECOLO) WAL C I - - WAL C 0560014. Democratic Francophones Front (FDF) / Dem. Federalist Independent (DeFI) - - - - WAL F 0560015. People's Union (VU) FLA F - - - - 0560016. Liberal Reformist Party - Francophone Democratic Front (PRL-FDF) WAL B - - - - 0560018. Live Differently (AGALEV) / Green FLA E - - - FLA F 0560019. National Front (FN) WAL E - - - - 0560021. Christian Social Party (CSP) WAL D - - - - 0560023. Alive (V) WAL F - - - - 0560026. Reformist Movement (MR) - F - - WAL B | POLITY - BELGIUM: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | Two election studies were run in Belgium in 1999 and 2019, | respectively - one in Belgium-Flanders, and one in Belgium- | Wallonia. ALPHABETICAL party codes starting with "FLA" refer to | Belgium Flanders, while codes staring with "WAL" refer to | Belgium-Wallonia. | | 0560003: Christian Democratic & Flemish (CD&V) was formerly | known as "Flemish Christian Peoples Party (CVP)". The party | adopted its current name in 2001. | | 0560005: Socialist Party Differently (SP.A) adopted its current | party name prior to the 2003 Belgian Federal election. The | previous name of the party was "Flemish Socialist Party (SP)". | | 0560011: Worker's Party of Belgium (PVDA / PTB) contests | elections both in Belgium-Flanders as "Partij van de Arbeid van | Belgie (PVDA)" and in Belgium-Wallonia as "Parti du Travail de | Belgique (PTB)". | | 0560014: Democratic Francophones Front (FDF) is known as | Democratic Federalist Independent (DeFI) since 2015. | | 0560016: Liberal Reformist Party - Francophone Democratic Front | (PRL - FDF) refers to an electoral alliance between the PRL and | the FDF, founded in 1993. Joined by the Citizens Movement for | Change (MCC) in 1998 and by the Party for Freedom and Progress | (PFF), the alliance turned into the Reformist Movement (MR), | which has the IMD party code 0560026. | | 0560018: Live Differently - Flemish-speaking Ecologists (AGALEV) | was renamed to "Green!" in 2003 and "Green" in 2008. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BRAZIL --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 0760001. Workers Party (PT) - A B/A A B 0760002. Brazilian Social Democratic Party (PSDB) - B C/C B C 0760003. Brazilian Democratic Movement (PMDB) - D A/B C F 0760004. Progressive Party (PP) - - -/G D E 0760005. Brazilian Socialist Party (PSB) - F -/F E G 0760006. Social Democratic Party (PSD) - - -/- F D 0760007. Republic Party (PR) - - -/D G H 0760008. Brazilian Republican Party (PRB) - - - - I 0760009. Democrats (DEM) - C D/E I - 0760010. Brazilian Labor Party (PTB) - H F/I - - 0760011. Labor Democratic Party (PDT) - G E/H - - 0760024. Social Liberal Party (PSL) - - - - A 0760026. Progressive Republican Party (PRP) - - - H - 0760046. Liberal Party (PL) - I - - - 0760048. Brazilian Progressive Party (PPB) - E - - - | POLITY NOTES - BRAZIL: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Brazil, | once in 2006 and once in 2010. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash (/) refer to 2006, while codes after | the slash refer to 2010. | | 0760007: Republic Party (PR) was founded on December 21, 2006 | and was a merge between the Liberal Party (PL) and the Party of | Reconstruction of the National Order (PRONA). | | 0760009: Democrats (DEM) were known as the Party of the Liberal | Front (PFL) until 2007. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: BULGARIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1000001. Citizens for European Development (GERB) - - - A - 1000002. Bulgarian Socialist Party (BSP) - C - - - 1000003. Movement for Rights and Freedoms (DPS) - D - C - 1000004. Reformist Bloc (RB) - - - D - 1000005. Patriotic Front (NFSB and IMRO) - - - E - 1000006. Bulgaria without Censorship (BBZ) - - - F - 1000007. Attack (Ataka) - - - G - 1000008. Alternative for Bulgarian Revival (ABV) - - - H - 1000009. Movement 21 (D21) - - - I - 1000019. National Movement for Stability and Progress (NDS) - A - - - 1000020. BSP Left Bulgaria - Coalition for Bulgaria (KzB | DL) - - - B - 1000025. Inner Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (VMRO) - G - - - 1000034. United Democratic Forces (UDF) - B - - - 1000036. Movement 'Georgievden' (DG) - E - - - 1000040. Euroleft (BE) - F - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CANADA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1240001. Liberal Party (LIB) A A B C/A B 1240002. Conservative Party (PCC) - B A A/B A 1240003. New Democratic Party (NDP) D C D B/C C 1240004. Bloc Quebecois (BQ) E D C D/D D 1240005. Green Party (GP) - E E E/E E 1240006. Progressive Conservative (PC) C - - - - 1240007. Reform Party (RPC) B - - - - 1240009. People's Party (PP) - - - - F | POLITY NOTES - CANADA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 4 questionnaire was fielded twice in Canada, | once in 2011 and once in 2015. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash "(/)" refer to 2011, while codes | after the slash refer to 2015. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CHILE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1520001. Christian Democratic Party (PDC) - B C - C 1520002. Independent Democratic Union (UDI) B A A - B 1520003. National Renewal (RN) - D B - A 1520004. Socialist Party (PS) - E E - D 1520005. Party for Democracy (PPD) A C D - E 1520006. Communist Party of Chile (PCCh) C F G - G 1520007. Radical Social-democratic Party (PRSD) - - I - I 1520008. Democratic Revolution (RD) - - - - F 1520009. Political Evolution (Evopoli) - - - - H 1520011. Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) - - F - - 1520012. Electoral list of M. Enriquez-Ominamo (MEO)- - H - - 1520014. Humanist Party (PH) D - - - - 1520021. Progressive Center-Center Union (UCCP) F - - - - 9999989. Independent Candidate (Sara Larrain) E - - - - | POLITY NOTES - CHILE (MODULE 1): PARTIES/COALITIONS | | Data for 9999989. Independent Candidate (Sara Larrain) is only | available for IMD5011_E (Percent Vote - President, PARTY E). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: COSTA RICA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1880001. National Liberation Party (PLN) - - - - A 1880002. National Restoration Party (PRN) - - - - B 1880003. Citizens' Action Party (PAC) - - - - C 1880004. Social Christian Unity Party (PUSC) - - - - D 1880005. National Integration Party (PIN) - - - - E 1880006. Social Christian Republican Party (PRSC) - - - - F 1880007. Broad Front (FA) - - - - G 1880008. Christian Democratic Alliance (ADC) - - - - H 1880009. Libertarian Movement (PML) - - - - I --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CROATIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1910001. Croatian Democratic Union (HDZ) - - A - - 1910002. Social Democratic Party of Croatia (SDP) - - B - - 1910003. Croatian People's Party - Liberal Democrats (HNS) - - C - - 1910006. Croatian Party of Pensioners (HSU) - - E - - 1910007. Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) - - D - - 1910008. Croatian Social Liberal Party (HSLS) - - G - - 1910009. Croatian Democratic Alliance (HDSSB) - - H - - 1910010. Croatian Party of Rights (HSP) - - F - - 1910011. Istrian Democratic Assembly (IDS) - - I - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: CZECH REPUBLIC/ CZECHIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2030001. Czech Social Democratic Party (CSSD) B A B/A A F/E 2030002. Civic Democratic Party (ODS) A B A/B E B/A 2030003. Christian Democratic Union - Czech People's Party (KDU-CSL) D D D/F G G/H 2030004. Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSCM) C C C/D C E/F 2030005. Green Party (SZ) - - E/H H - 2030006. Action of Dissatisfied Citizens (ANO 2011) - - - B A/B 2030007. Freedom and Direct Democracy (SPD) - - - - D/D 2030010. TOP 09 (TOP 09) - - -/C D H/G 2030011. Civic Democratic Alliance (ODA) F - - - - 2030012. Czech Pirate Party (Pirati) - - - I C/C 2030013. Dawn of Direct Democracy of Tomio Okamura (Usvit) - - - F - 2030014. Public Affairs (VV) - - -/E - - 2030015. Mayors and Independents (STAN) - - - - I/I 2030017. Freedom Union - Democratic Union (US-DEU) - E - - - 2030018. Association for the Republic - Czech Republican Party (SPR-RSC) E - - - - 2030031. Party of Citizen Rights-Zemanites (SPO) - - -/G - - 2030074. SNK European Democrats (SNK ED) - - F/- - - | POLITY NOTES - CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | the Czech Republic/Czechia. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL | party codes chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refer to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | the Czech Republic/Czechia, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA 2006 / 2010 | CSES MODULE 5: CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA 2017 / 2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: DENMARK --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2080001. Social Democrats (Sd) A B B - A 2080002. Liberal Party (V) B A A - B 2080004. Socialist People's Party (SF) D E D - E 2080005. United List - Red-Greens (En - O) - G H - F 2080006. Danish Social Liberal Party (RV) - F F - D 2080007. Conservative People's Party (KF) C D E - G 2080008. Christian Democrats (KD) - H I - - 2080009. New Alliance (NA) / Liberal Alliance (LA) - - G - - 2080010. Danish People's Party (DF) E C C - C 2080011. Centre Democrats (CD) F I - - - 2080012. The Alternative (A) - - - - H 2080013. The New Right (NB) - - - - I | POLITY NOTES - DENMARK: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 2080008: Christian Democrats (KD) were known as "Christian | People's Party" until 2003. | | 2080009: New Alliance (A) changed its name to "Liberal Alliance" | in 2008. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: EL SALVADOR --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2220001. Grand Alliance for National Unity (GANA) - - - - A 2220002. Nationalist Republican Alliance (ARENA) - - - - B 2220003. Farabundo Marti National Liberation - - - - C Front (FMLN) 2220004. Let's Go - - - - D 2220005. New Ideas (NI) - - - - G --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ESTONIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2330001. Estonian Reform Party (ER e) - - A - - 2330002. Estonian Centre Party (EK) - - B - - 2330003. Social Democratic Party (SDE) - - D - - 2330004. Pro Patria and Res Publica Union (IRL) - - C - - 2330005. Estonian Greens (EER) - - F - - 2330016. Estonian People's Union (ER a) - - E - - | POLITY NOTES - ESTONIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 2330016: Estonian People's Union (ER a) merged with the Estonian | Patriotic Movement in 2012 to form the Conservative People's | Party. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: FINLAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2460001. Center Party (KESK) - A A/D A D 2460002. Social Democratic Party of Finland (SDP) - B C/B D A 2460003. National Coalition Party (KOK) - C B/A B C 2460004. True Finns /The Finns Party (PS) - - H/C C B 2460005. Green League (VIHR) - E E/F E E 2460006. Left Alliance (VAS) - D D/E F F 2460007. Christian Democrats (KD) - F G/H H H 2460008. Swedish People's Party in Finland(RKP-SFP) - G F/G G G | POLITY NOTES - FINLAND (MODULE 3): PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Finland, | once in 2007 and once in 2011. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2007, while codes | after the slash refers to 2011. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: FRANCE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2500001. Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) - - A B - 2500002. Socialist Party (PS) - C B A E 2500003. Democratic Movement (MoDem) - D C E - 2500004. French Communist Party (PCF) - I E - - 2500005. Europe Ecology - The Greens (EELV) - G F F G 2500006. Left Front (FDG) - - - D - 2500007. National Front (FN) - B D C B 2500008. Rally For The Republic (RPR) - A - - - 2500009. Workers' Struggle (LO) - E - - - 2500012. Republican And Civic Movement (MDC) - F - - - 2500013. Liberal Democracy (LD) - H - - - 2500014. Revolutionary Communist League (LCR) - - G - - 2500017. The Republic Onwards! (LaREM) - - - - A 2500018. Radical Party of the Left (RPG) - - I - - 2500020. New Centre (NC) - - H - - 2500022. The Republicans (LR) - - - - C 2500025. Arise the Republic (DLR) / - - - - F France Arise (DLF) - SEE POLITY NOTES 2500031. Indomitable France (FI) - - - - D | POLITY NOTES - FRANCE: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 2500001: Union for a Popular Movement (UMP) was founded in 2002 | and is a merger of Rally for the Republic (RPR), Liberal | Democracy (DL), and parts of the Union for French Democracy | (UDF), the Radical Party, and the Popular Party for French | Democracy. | | 2500003: Democratic Movement (MoDem) was formerly known as | "Union for French Democracy" (UDF). The UDF was dissolved in | 2007. As all assets and leadership transferred into MoDem, both | parties were assigned the same IMD party code. | | 2500005: Europe Ecology - The Greens (EELV) were known as | "Greens (V)" until 2010. | | 2500025: France Arise (DLF) was known as Arise the Republic (DLR) | before adopting its current name in 2014. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: GERMANY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2760002. Christian Democratic Party (CDU) B B B/A A A/B 2760003. Christian Social Union in Bavaria (CSU) C C F/F E G/F 2760004. Social Democratic Party (SPD) A A A/B B B/A 2760005. Alliance 90/Greens (B90/GRUENE) D D E/E D F/C 2760006. Free Democratic Party (FDP) E E C/C F D/D 2760007. Left Party (DIE LINKE) F F D/D C E/G 2760008. The Republicans (REP) - G - - -/- 2760009. National Democratic Party Of Germany (NPD) - - G/G I -/- 2760010. Alternative for Germany (AfD) - - - G C/E 2760014. Pirates Party (PIRATEN) - - - H -/- 2760024. The Rule Of Law Offensive (Schill-Party) - H - - -/- 2760025. Free Voters (FW) - - - - H/H 2760026. Animal Protection Party (Tierschutzpartei) - - - - -/I | POLITY NOTES - GERMANY: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Germany. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slashes ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | Germany, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: GERMANY 2005 / GERMANY 2009 | CSES MODULE 5: GERMANY 2017 / GERMANY 2021 | | 2760007: Left Party (DIE LINKE) was known as "Party for | Democratic Socialism" (PDS) until 2005, when it changed its name | to "The Left / PDS". In 2007, the party merged with Labor and | Social Justice - The Electoral Alternative (WASG) and adopted | its current name. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREAT BRITAIN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8260001. Conservatives (Con) B B - A A/A 8260002. Labor (Lab) A A - B B/B 8260003. Liberal Democrats (LD) C C - D C/C 8260004. Scottish National Party (SNP) D D - E D/D 8260005. Green Party (GP) - - - F F/E 8260006. Plaid Cymru (PC) E E - G G/G 8260007. United Kingdom Independence Party (UKIP) - - - C E/- 8260008. Brexit Party (BP) - - - - -/F | POLITY NOTES - GREAT BRITAIN (MODULE 5): PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 5 questionnaire was fielded twice in Great | Britain, once in 2017 and once in 2019. In the table above, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2017, | while codes after the slash refers to 2019. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREECE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3000001. Pan-Hellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) - - A C/G -/- 3000002. New Democracy (ND) - - B A/B B/A 3000003. Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA) - - E B/A A/B 3000004. Communist Party of Greece (KKE) - - C G/E E/D 3000005. Ecologists - Greens (Oik. Pras // OP) - - F - -/- 3000006. Golden Dawn (LS - XA) - - - E/C C/G 3000007. The Independent Greeks (ANEL) - - - D/F G/- 3000008. Movement for Change (KINAL) - - - - -/C 3000009. Greek Solution - - - - -/E 3000012. Democratic Left (DIMAR) - - - F/- -/- 3000013. The River - - - -/D F/- 3000014. European Realistic Disobedience Front - - - - -/F (MeRA25) 3000019. Popular Orthodox Rally (La.O.S) - - D - -/- 3000021. Union of Centrists - - - - H/I 3000023. Course of Freedom - - - - -/H 3000100. Democratic Coalition (DISI) - - - - D/- | POLITY NOTES - GREECE: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 4 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Greece. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | Greece, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 4: GREECE 2012 / GREECE 2015 Jan | CSES MODULE 5: GREECE 2015 Sep / GREECE 2019 | | 3000008: Movement for Change (KINAL) was founded in 2018 as a | merger of 3000001. Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and | the Movement of Democratic Socialists (KIDISO). At the time | of its establishment, KINAL encompassed 3000013. The River and | 3000012. Democratic Left (DIMAR). However, the two blocs | disassociated before the 2019 election. | | 3000100: Democratic Coalition (DISI) was an electoral alliance | between 3000001. Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) and | 3000012. Democratic Left (DIMAR) for the Greece September | 2015 election. Together with other center-left parties, DISI | merged into 3000008 Movement for Change (KINAL) in 2018. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: HONG KONG --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3440001. Democratic Alliance for Betterment of Hong Kong (DAB) B/B B A A A 3440002. Civic Party (CPP) - - C B B 3440003. Democratic Party (DP) A/A A B C C 3440004. People Power (PP) - - - D - 3440005. Hong Kong Federation of Trade Unions (HKFTU)- G E E D 3440006. Labor Party (LAB) - - - F H 3440007. League of Social Democrats (LSD) - - D G - 3440008. New People's Party (NPP) - - - H E 3440009. Liberal Party (LP) E/E C F I - 3440013. Neighborhood & Workers Service Centre (NWSC)- F - - - 3440015. Hong Kong Association for Democracy and People's Livelihood (ADPL) D/D D G - - 3440019. Frontier C/C - H - - 3440026. April Fifth Action (AFAG) - E - - - 3440032. Citizen's Party F/F - - - - 3440100. People Power - League of Social Democrats (PP - LSD) - - - - F 3440101. Civic Passion - Proletariat Pol. Institute - Hong Kong Resurgence Order (CP-PPI-HKRO) - - - - G 3440103. ALLinHKG - - - - I | POLITY NOTES - HONG KONG: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Hong Kong, | once in 1998 and once in 2000. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 1998, while codes | after the slash refers to 2000. | | In the 2016 elections (CSES MODULE 5), voters cast one vote | for closed party lists, which were compiled separately for each | of the five electoral districts and in some instances feature | more than one list per party per district. | CSES IMD provides individual numerical party codes for each | combination of parties forming a joint party list. For example, | this is why there are separate codes for People Power - League | of Social Democrats (PP - LSD), People Power (PP), and League | of Social Democrats (LSD). | | In total, three such alliances formed in the 2016 Legislative | Council election. Alliances are listed below, together with the | member parties: | | 3440100: People Power - League of Social Democrats (PP-LSD), | with the following parties contesting as part of this alliance | in the New Territories West constituency: | - 3440004. People Power (PP) | - 3440007. League of Social Democrats (LSD) | | 3440101: Civic Passion - Proletariat Political Institute - | Hong Kong Resurgence Order (CP - PPI - HKRO), with the following | parties contesting as part of this alliance in the New | Territories East constituency: | - 3440039. Civic Passion (CP) | - 3440040. Proletariat Political Institute (PPI) | - 3440041. Hong Kong Resurgence Order (HKRO) | | 3440103: AllinHKG, with the following parties contesting as | part of this alliance: | - 3440042. Youngspiration | - 3440043. Kowloon East Community | - Tin Shui Wai New Force. | - Cheung Sha Wan Community Establishment Power. | - Tsz Wan Shan Constructive Power. | - Tuen Mun Community. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: HUNGARY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3480001. Hungarian Socialist Party (MSZP) A A - - C 3480002. Fidesz-Hungarian Civic Party Alliance Party (Fidesz - MPP) B B - - - 3480003. Jobbik - Movement For a Better Hungary - - - - B 3480004. Hungarian Justice and Life Party (MIEP) E D - - - 3480006. Hungarian Worker's Party (MMP) F - - - - 3480007. Hungarian Democratic Forum (MDF) G F - - - 3480008. Alliance of Free Democrats (SZDSZ) D C - - - 3480010. Fidesz-KNDP - - - - A 3480011. Politics Can Be Different (LMP) - - - - D 3480013. Independent Small Holders Party (FKgP) C - - - - 3480015. Democratic Coalition (DK) - - - - E 3480016. Momentum Movement - - - - F 3480017. Hungarian Two-Tailed Dog Party - - - - G 3480018. Together - Party for a New Era - - - - H 3480033. Alliance for Hungary - Center Party - E - - - | POLITY NOTES - HUNGARY: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 3480006: Hungarian Worker's Party (MMP) was known as "Workers' | Party" (MP) until 2005, when it changed the name to "Hungarian | Communist Workers' Party" (MM). The MMP adopted its current | name in May 2013. | | 3480010: Fidesz-KDNP is an electoral coalition between 3480002. | Fidesz-Hungarian Civic Party Alliance Party (Fidesz - MPP) and | 3480032. Christian Democratic People's Party (KDNP). The two | parties contest elections jointly since 2006. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ICELAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3520001. Independence Party (Sj) A A A/B A A/A 3520002. Social Democratic Alliance (Sam) B B B/A C G/C 3520003. Progressive Party (F) C C D/D B D/E 3520004. Liberal Party (FF) E E E/F - -/- 3520005. Left-Green Movement (VG) D D C/C D B/B 3520006. Reform Party - - - - E/H 3520007. Bright Future (BF) - - - E F/I 3520008. Pirate Party (Pi) - - - F C/F 3520009. Civic Movement (B) - - -/E - -/- 3520010. People's Party (FIF) - - - - H/G 3520011. Centre Party (M) - - - - -/D 3520013. Icelandic Movement (IL) - - F/- - -/- 3520014. Dawn - Organization of justice, fairness and democracy - - - - I/- | POLITY NOTES - ICELAND: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Iceland. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | Iceland, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: ICELAND 2007 / ICELAND 2009 | CSES MODULE 5: ICELAND 2016 / ICELAND 2017 | | 3520002: Social Democratic Alliance (Sam) was an alliance of | the Social Democratic Party, Peoples Alliance, Women's List, and | National Awakening. The parties formally merged into one party | after the 1999 election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: INDIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3560001. Indian People's Party (BJP) - - - - A 3560002. Indian National Congress (INC) - - - - B 3560003. All India Trinamool Congress (AITC) - - - - C 3560004. Bahujan Samaj Party (BSP) - - - - D 3560005. Socialist Party (SP) - - - - E 3560006. Youth, Labor, and Farmer Congress Party - - - - F (YSRCP) 3560007. Dravidian Progress Federation (DMK) - - - - G 3560008. Shivaji's Army (H) - - - - H 3560010. Communist Party of India (Marxist) - - - - I (CPI(M)) | POLITY NOTES - INDIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 3560001. Indian People's Party and 3560002. Indian National | Congress are the two major parties in India who compete | nationally. All other parties contest in selected states only, | with party appeals that are conventionally state-specific. | In what follows, we list the states in which PARTIES C-I were | primarily active in the Indian 2019 legislative election: | - 3560003. All India Trinamool Congress principally contested | elections in West Bengal. | - 3560004. Bahujan Samaj Party principally contested elections | in Chhattisgarh, Delhi, Karnataka, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, | Uttar Pradesh, and West Bengal. | - 3560005. Socialist Party principally contested elections in | Uttar Pradesh. | - 3560006. YSR Congress Party principally contested elections | in Andhra Pradesh and Telangana. | - 3560007. Dravidian Progress Federation principally contested | elections in Tamil Nadu. | - 3560008. Shivaji's Army principally contested elections in | Maharashtra. | - 3560010. Communist Party of India (Marxist) principally | contested elections in Bihar, Kerala, Rajasthan, and West | Bengal. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: IRELAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3720001. Fianna Fail (FF) - A A C B 3720002. Fine Gael (FG) - B B A A 3720003. Labor (Lab) - C C B D 3720004. Sinn Fein (SF) - D E D C 3720005. Greens (GP) - F D F G 3720006. Progressive Democrats (PD) - E F - - 3720009. United Left Alliance (ULA) - - - E - 3720011. Anti-Austerity Alliance-People Before Profit (AAA-PBP) - - - - E 3720013. Social Democrats (SD) - - - - F 3720014. Renew Ireland (RI) - - - - H | POLITY NOTES - IRELAND: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 3720011: Anti-Austerity Alliance-People Before Profit (AAA-PBP) | is an electoral alliance between 3720010. People Before Profit | Alliance (PBPA) and 3720015. Anti-Austerity Alliance (AAA) | founded in 2015. Since 2020, the coalition has been known as | People before Profit - Solidarity (PBP-S). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ISRAEL --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3760001. Likud - The Consolidation (L) B A D - A 3760002. Israeli Labor Party (MHH) A B B C - 3760003. Sfarad's Keepers of the Torah (Shas) C D C E D 3760004. Energy (Meretz) E F - H - 3760006. United Torah Judaism (YH) - - - F E 3760007. There is a Future (YA) - - - B - 3760008. The Jewish Home (HH) - - - D - 3760009. The Movement (Hat) - - - G - 3760010. United Arab List (Ra'am) - - - I - 3760011. The Consolidation (Likud) - Yisrael Beiteinu (L - YB) - - - A - 3760014. National Religious Party (Mafdal) D - - - - 3760015. Change (Shinui) - C - - - 3760016. Forward (Kadima) - - A - - 3760021. Israel is Our Home (YB) - - E - G 3760049. National Union (HaLe) - E - - - 3760050. National Union - National Religious Party (HaLe - Mafdal) - - F - - 3760103. Blue and White (KL) - - - - B 3760104. Joint List - - - - C 3760105. Labor-Gesher Meretz (Emet) - - - - F 3760106. Yamina - - - - H | POLITY NOTES - ISRAEL: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 3760006: United Torah Judaism (YH) is an alliance between the | Degel HaTorah (Banner of the Torah) and Agudat Israel (Union of | Israel). It was founded in 1992. | | 3760008: The Jewish Home (HH) was an electoral alliance of the | National Religious Party (Mafdal) and Resurrection (Tkuma) in | the 2013 Israeli legislative election. | | 3760011: Likud (The consolidation) - Yisrael Beiteinu (L - YB) | competed as an electoral alliance in the 2013 election. | | 3760049: National Union (HaLe) was an electoral alliance of | Moledet, Hatikva, Eretz Yisrael Shelanu, and Tkuma for the 2003 | election. | | 3760050: National Union - National Religious Party (HaLe - | Mafdal) ran on a joint list in the 2006 legislative election. | | 3760103: Blue and White (KL) was an alliance of Israel Resilience | Party, Yesh Atid, and Telem for the 2020 election. | | 3760104: Joint List was an alliance of Balad, Hadash, Ta'al, and | Arab Democratic Party for the 2020 election. | | 3760105: Labor-Gesher-Meretz (Emet) was an alliance of Israeli | Labor Party, Gesher, Meretz, and Democratic Union for the 2020 | election. | | 3760106: Yamina was an alliance of The New Right, The Jewish | Home, and Tkuma for the 2020 contest. The Jewish Home and Tkuma | left the alliance after the 2020 election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ITALY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3800001. Democratic Party (PD) - - - - B 3800002. Forward Italy (Forza Italia) (FI) - A - - D 3800003. Northern League/League (LN) - - - - C 3800004. Five Star Movement (M5S) - - - - A 3800010. Free and Equal (LeU) - - - - F 3800011. Democrats of the Left (DS) - B - - - 3800012. Union of Christian and Centre Democrats (UDC) - E - - - 3800013. Communist Refoundation Party (PRC) - F - - - 3800021. Daisy - Democracy is Freedom (DL) - D - - - 3800022. National Alliance (AN) - C - - - 3800032. Brothers of Italy (FdI) - - - - E | POLITY NOTES - ITALY: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 3800011: Democrats of the Left (DS) merged into the Democratic | Party (PD) in 2007. | | 3800021: Daisy - Democracy is Freedom (DL) joined the Democratic | Party (PD) in 2007. | | 3800022: National Alliance (AN) merged with Forward Italy (Forza | Italia) (FI) into "The People Freedom (Popolo della Liberta)" | (PdL), which turned into a revival-party of the FI in 2013. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: JAPAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3920001. Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) A B B A A 3920002. Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) C A A B - 3920003. (New) Komeito (NK) - C C F D 3920004. Japanese Communist Party (JCP) D D D C E 3920005. Green Wind - - - I - 3920006. Social Democratic Party (SDP) E E E H G 3920007. Japan Restoration Party (JReP) - - - E - 3920008. Constitutional Democratic Party of - - - - B Japan (CDP) 3920009. Japan Innovation Party - - - - F 3920010. Your Party (YP) - - - D - 3920011. People's Life Party (PLP) / Liberal Party - - - G - 3920012. New Frontier Party (NFP) B - - - - 3920013. New Party Harbinger (NPH) F - - - - 3920022. Party of Hope - - - - C | POLITY NOTES - JAPAN: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 3920002: Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) merged in 2016 with | 3920009. Japan Innovation Party to form 3920024. Democratic | Party (DP), the successor party of DPJ. | | 3920003: New Komeito (NK) changed its name to "Komeito" in | 2014. | | 3920008: Constitutional Democratic Party of Japan (CDP) is a | splinter party from 3920024. Democratic Party (DP) founded | ahead of the 2017 election. In 2020, the CDP merged with | Democratic Party for the People (DPP), the successor party of | 3920024. Democratic Party (DP) and 3920022. Party of Hope. | | 3920009: Japan Innovation Party is a merger of 3920007. Japan | Restoration Party (JReP) and Unity Party established in 2014. | In 2016, the Japan Innovation Party merged with 3920002. | Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) to form 3920024. Democratic | Party (DP). | | 3920011: People's Life Party (PLP) is known as Liberal Party | since 2016 but dissolved in April 2019. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: KENYA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4040002. Orange Democratic Movement (ODM) - - - B - 4040003. Wiper Democratic Movement - Kenya (WDM-K) - - - D - 4040004. Forum for Restoration of Democracy - Kenya (FORD - KENYA) - - - F - 4040005. Kenya African National Union (KANU) - - - I - 4040010. National Rainbow Coalition - Kenya (NARC-K) - - - G - 4040100. The National Alliance (TNA) - - - A - 4040101. United Republican Party (URP) - - - C - 4040102. United Democratic Front (Forum) (UDFP) - - - E - 4040103. Alliance Party of Kenya (APK) - - - H - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: KYRGYZSTAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4170001. Ar Namys - A - - - 4170003. Communist Party of Masaliev - B - - - 4170004. Socialist Party - C - - - 4170005. Alga Kyrgyzstan - D - - - 4170006. Asaba (Republic National Party) - E - - - 4170007. Free Kyrgyzstan - G - - - 4170008. New Kyrgyzstan - F - - - 4170012. Communist Party of Kyrgyzstan - H - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: LATVIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4280001. Harmony Centre (SC) / Social Democratic Party "Harmony" (S) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - B A/A A 4280002. Unity (V) - - A C/B - 4280003. National Union All for Latvia For Fatherland and Freedom (LNNK) - - D D/D E 4280004. For a Good Latvia (PLL) - - E - - 4280005. Union of Greens and Farmers (ZZS) - - C E/C F 4280006. For Human Rights in United Latvia (PCTVL) - - F G/- - 4280007. Reform Party (RP) - - - B/- - 4280011. The Progressives - - - - I 4280012. Who Owns the State? (KPV LV) - - - - B 4280013. For Latvia from the Heart (NsL) - - - -/E - 4280014. Latvian Association of the Regions (LRa) - - - -/F - 4280036. Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way (LPP/LC) - - - F/- - 4280039. Latvian Russian Union (LRU) - - - - H 4280042. New Conservative Party (JKP) - - - - C 4280100. Development/For! - - - - D 4280101. New Unity (JV) - - - - G | POLITY NOTES - LATVIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 4 questionnaire was fielded twice in Latvia, | once in 2011 and once in 2014. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2011, while codes | after the slash refers to 2014. | | 4280001: Harmony Centre (SC) started as a coalition in 2005 | representing the Russian minority in Latvia on a social- | democratic platform. Initially, the SC consisted of four main | parties: the National Harmony Party, New Centre, the Social | Democratic Party, and the Socialist Party. In 2010, the | first three members merged into one political party, namely | Social Democratic Party 'Harmony' (S). Although the Socialist | Party did not formally join the party, it was part of the Harmony | Centre alliance with the Social Democratic Party in 2011. In | 2014 and 2018, the Socialist Party did not contest the elections | but its outgoing members of parliament were placed on the Harmony | party list. | | 4280003: National Union All for Latvia For Fatherland and | Freedom (LNNK) was founded in 2011 and is a merger of the | Union "For Fatherland and Freedom"/LNNK (TB/LNNK) and | All for Latvia (PVL). Previously, the two member parties formed | an electoral alliance for the 2010 Latvian parliamentary | election. | | 4280004: For a Good Latvia (PLL) was a right-wing alliance formed | on April 22, 2010. It consisted out of The People's Party (TP), | Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way (LPP/LC), the business movement | For a Good Latvia, and a number of smaller parties. It was | dissolved in October 2011. | | 4280007: Reform Party (RP) was known as "Zatlers' Reform Party" | until it changed names on April 21, 2014. In 2014, it competed | within the same list as 4280002. Unity (V). | | 4280036: Latvia's First Party/Latvian Way (LPP/LC) was a merger | party of the First Party of Latvia (LPP) and Latvia's Way (LC). | For the 2010 election, LPP/LC was part of the right-wing | alliance "For a Good Latvia (PLL)" (IMD code 4280004). Prior to | the 2011 election, the party shortly renamed itself to "Slesers | LPP/LC Reform Party". The party was dissolved in December 2011. | | 4280100: Development/For! was an alliance formed for the 2018 | election (M5), with the following parties contesting as part of | this alliance: | - For Latvia's Development | - Movement For! | - Growth. | | 4280101: New Unity was an alliance formed for the 2018 election | (M5), with the following parties contesting as part of this | alliance: | - Unity | - For Valmiera and Vidzeme | - For City and Parish of Tukums | - For Kuldiga Parish | - Jekabpils Regional Party. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: LITHUANIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4400001. Homeland Union-Conservatives (TS - LK) C - - - A/A 4400002. Christian Democratic Party E - - - -/- 4400003. Social Democratic Party (LSDP) D - - - C/D 4400005. Democratic Labor Party (LDDP) H - - - -/- 4400006. Center Union (LCS) G - - - -/- 4400007. Nationalist Party - "Young Lithuania" (JL) I - - - -/- 4400008. Lith. Union of Farmers and Greens (LVZS) - - - - B/B 4400009. Liberal Movement of the Republic of Lithuania(LRLS) - - - - D/F 4400010. Labor Party (DP) - - - - H/C 4400013. Lithuanian Poles Electoral Action - Christian Families Alliance (LLRA-KSS) - - - - F/G 4400022. Freedom Party (LP) - - - - -/E 4400023. Lith. Social Dem. Labor Party (LSDDP) - - - - -/H 4400024. Center Party - Nationalists (CPT) - - - - -/I 4400025. Party Order and Justice (PTT) - - - - G/- 4400101. A. Paulauskas (Independent) A - - - -/- 4400102. V. Adamkus (Independent) B - - - -/- 4400200. Anti-Corruption Coalition (LCP-LPP) - - - - E/- | POLITY NOTES - LITHUANIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 5 questionnaire was fielded twice in Lithuania, | once in 2016 and once in 2020. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2016, while codes | after the slash refers to 2020. | | 4400001: Homeland Union-Conservatives are known as | Homeland Union-Lithuanian Christian Democrats (TS-LKD) since | 2008. | | 4400013: Poles Election Action adopted their new name Lithuanian | Poles Electoral Action - Christian Families Alliance (LLRA-KSS) | in 2016. | | 4400024: Center Party - Nationalists (CPT) were known as | Lithuanian Center Party until 2019. | | 4400200: Anti-Corruption Coalition was an electoral coalition | formed for the 2016 election (M5) with the following parties | contesting as part of this alliance: | - Lithuanian Center Party(CP). | - Lithuanian Pensioners' Party (LPP). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: MEXICO --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4840001. Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) A/B B C/A A/A C 4840002. National Action Party (PAN) B/- A A/B B/B B 4840003. Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) C/- C B/C C/C D 4840004. Labor Party (PT) E/D E E/E E/I G 4840005. Ecological Green Party of Mexico (PVEM) D/E D D/D D/E E 4840006. New Alliance Party (PANAL,PNA) - - G/F F/G H 4840007. Citizen's Movement (MC) - F F/G G/F F 4840008. Social Democratic Party (PSD) - - H/H - - 4840010. National Regeneration Movement (MORENA) - - - -/D A 4840011. Possible Mexico - G - - - 4840012. Social Encounter Party (PES) - - - -/H I 4840013. Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (PARM) -/F - - - - 4840014. Social Alliance Party (PAS) - H - - - 4840016. Cardenista Party (PFCRN) F/- - - - - 4840022. Alliance for Change -/A - - - - 4840023. Alliance for Mexico -/C - - - - 4840026. Mexican Liberal Party (PLM) - I - - - | POLITY NOTES - MEXICO: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 1, 3 and 4 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Mexico. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | Mexico, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 1: MEXICO 1997 / MEXICO 2000 | CSES MODULE 3: MEXICO 2006 / MEXICO 2009 | CSES MODULE 4: MEXICO 2012 / MEXICO 2015 | | 4840007: Citizen's Movement (MC) was formerly known as | "Convergence". The party was reformed and renamed in July 2011. | | 4840008: Social Democratic Party (PSD) was formerly known as the | "Social Democratic and Peasant Party (PASC)" until 2007. The | party changed its name twice before deciding on "Social | Democratic Party (PSD)" in 2008. | | 4840022: Alliance for Change was an alliance formed for the 2000 | Mexican general election. It consisted of the National Action | Party (PAN) and the Ecological Green Party of Mexico (PVEM). | | 4840023: Alliance for Mexico was an alliance formed for the 2000 | Mexican general election. It was composed of the Democratic | Revolution Party (PRD), the Labor Party (PT), the Nationalist | Society Party (PSN), Convergence for Democracy (now: Citizens' | Movement - MC), and the Party of Social Action. This Alliance | is not to be confused with the Alliance for Mexico for the 2006 | general election, which consisted of the Institutional | Revolutionary Party (PRI) and the Ecological Green Party of | Mexico (PVEM). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: MONTENEGRO --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4990001. Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS) - - - - A 4990003. Socialist People's Party (SNP) - - - C - 4990004. Social Democratic Party (SDP) - - - - E 4990006. Positive Montenegro (PCG) - - - D - 4990007. Croatian Civic Initiative (HGI) - - - I I 4990009. Bosniak Party (BS) - - - E G 4990010. Social Democrats of Montenegro (SD) - - - - F 4990011. Coalition "For a European Montenegro" - - - A - 4990012. Democratic Front (DF) - - - B B 4990013. Democratic Montenegro (DCG) - - - - D 4990032. Albanian Coalition (AK) - - - H - 4990037. Serbian Unity (SS) - - - F - 4990039. Force for Unity (FZJ - FPB) - - - G - 4990100. Key Coalition (DEMOS, SNP, URA) - - - - C 4990101. Albanians Decisively (FORCA-DUA-AA) - - - - H | POLITY NOTES - MONTENEGRO: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 4990011: Coalition "For a European Montenegro" was an electoral | alliance of the Democratic Party of Socialists (DPS), the Social | Democratic Party (SDP) and the Liberal Party (LP). | | 4990012: Democratic Front (DF) was an electoral coalition of | the Movement for Changes (PzP) and New Serb Democracy (NSD). | | 4990032: Albanian Coalition (AK) was an electoral coalition of | the Democratic League in Montenegro (DS), the Democratic Party | (DP), and Albanian Alternative (AA). | | 4990100: Key Coalition Key Coalition was an alliance for the 2016 | Montenegrin election (M5), with the following parties contesting | as part of this alliance: | - 4990015. Democratic Alliance (DEMOS) | - 4990003. Socialist People's Party (SNP) | - 4990026. United Reform Action (URA) | | 4990101: Albanians Decisively was an alliance for the 2016 | Montenegrin election (M5), with the following parties contesting | as part of this alliance: | - 4990043. Albanian Alternative (AA) | - 4990038. New Democratic Power (FORCA) | - 4990014. Democratic Union of Albanians (DUA) --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: NETHERLANDS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5280001. Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) C A A/D - C/D 5280002. Labor Party (PvdA) A D B/B - G/F 5280003. People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) B C D/A - A/A 5280004. Democrats 66 (D66) D G H/F - D/B 5280005. Green Left (GL) E E F/G - E/G 5280006. Socialist Party (SP) F F C/E - F/E 5280007. Reformed Political Party (SGP) - I I/I - - 5280008. Christian Union (CU) - H G/H - H/I 5280009. Party for Freedom (PVV) - - E/C - B/C 5280013. Party for the Animals (PvdD) - - - - I/- 5280014. List Pim Fortuyn (LPF) - B - - - 5280026. Reformed Political Alliance (GPV) G - - - - 5280050. Forum for Democracy (FvD) - - - - -/H | POLITY NOTES - NETHERLANDS: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in the | Netherlands. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | the Netherlands, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: NETHERLANDS 2006 / NETHERLANDS 2010 | CSES MODULE 5: NETHERLANDS 2017 / NETHERLANDS 2021 | | 5280005: Green Left (GL) formed in 1989 as a merger of the | Communist Party (CPN), the Pacifist Socialist Party (PSB), | the Political Party of Radicals (PRP), and the Evangelical | People's Party (EVP). | | 5280008: Christian Union (CU) was founded as an alliance in | January 2000, consisting out of the Reformed Political Alliance | (GPV) and the Reformatory Political Federation (RPF). | The alliance turned into a political party in 2001. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: NEW ZEALAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5540001. National Party (NP) A B A A/A A/B 5540002. Labor Party (Lab) B A B B/B B/A 5540003. New Zealand First (NZF) C C D D/D C/E 5540004. Act New Zealand (ACT) E D E H/H G/D 5540005. Green Party (GP) - E C C/C D/C 5540006. United Future New Zealand (UFNZ) - F H I/I - 5540007. Conservative Party (CP) / New Conservative (NC) - - - E/E -/G 5540008. Maori Party (MP) - - F F/G F/H 5540009. Alliance (ALL) D H - - - 5540010. Internet MANA (IP - MANA) - - - -/F - 5540011. MANA Movement (MANA) - - - G/- H/- 5540012. Jim Anderton's Progressive Party (PP) - G G - - 5540037. Christian Coalition F - - - - 5540040. The Opportunities Party (TOP) - - - - E/F | POLITY NOTES - NEW ZEALAND: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 4 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | New Zealand. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | New Zealand, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: NEW ZEALAND 2011 / NEW ZEALAND 2014 | CSES MODULE 5: NEW ZEALAND 2017 / NEW ZEALAND 2020 | | 5540006: United Future New Zealand (UFNZ) was founded in 2000 | as a merger of United New Zealand (UNZ) and Future New Zealand | (FNZ). | | 5540007: Conservative Party (CP) changed its name to "New | Conservative (NC)" in 2017. | | 5540010: Internet MANA (IP - MANA) was an electoral alliance | of the Internet Party (IP) and the Mana Movement (MANA) for the | 2014 New Zealand general election. | | 5540012: Jim Anderton's Progressive Party (PP) is a splinter | from the Alliance (ALL). It was founded in 2002. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: NORWAY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 5780001. Labor Party (Ap) A A A/A A A 5780002. Conservative Party (H) C B C/C B B 5780003. Progress Party (FrP) B C B/B C C 5780004. Socialist Left Party (SV) F D D/D G E 5780005. The Greens (MDG) - - - H H 5780006. Center Party (Sp) E F F/E E D 5780007. Christian People's Party (KRF) D E E/F D G 5780008. Liberal Party (V) - G G/G F F 5780009. Red Party (R) - - -/H I I 5780010. Red Electoral Alliance (RV) - - H/- - - | POLITY NOTES - NORWAY: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Norway, | once in 2005 and once in 2009. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2005, while codes | after the slash refer to 2009. | | 5780001: Labor Party (Ap) changed its name from Norwegian Labor | Party (DNA) to Labor Party (Ap) in 2011. | | 5780007: Christian People's Party (KrF) is also known as | "Christian Democratic Party" and is listed as such in the | CSES MODULE 5 Codebook. "Christian People's Party" is the | literal translation of the party's Norwegian name ("Kristelig | Folkeparti"). | | 5780009: Red Party (R) was founded in March 2007. It was a merge | between the Workers Communist Party (AKP) and the Red Electoral | Alliance (RV). In the CSES MODULE 3 Codebook, the Red Party was | still listed as Red Electoral Alliance for the 2009 Norwegian | election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: PERU --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6040001. Popular Force (FP) - - B A B 6040002. Peruvians for Change (PPK) - - - B - 6040003. Broad Front for Justice, Life and Liberty (Frente Amplio) - - - C - 6040004. Alliance for Progress (APP) - - - D G 6040005. People's Alliance - - - E - 6040006. Popular Action (AP) - - - F E 6040007. Direct Democracy - - - G - 6040008. Possible Peru B/A - C H - 6040009. Hope Front - - - I - 6040010. Free Peru (PL) - - - - A 6040011. Popular Renewal (RP) - - - - C 6040012. Go on Country - Social Integration Party (AvP) - - - - D 6040013. Together for Peru (JP) - - - - F 6040014. National Restoration (RN) - F - - - 6040015. National Solidarity Alliance - - E - - 6040016. We Are Peru (PDSP) D/- - - - - 6040017. Possible Peru (PP) - G - - - 6040019. Union for Peru (UPP) - A - - - 6040023. Moralizing Independent Front (FIM) C/D - - - - 6040025. Center Front (FDC) - E - - - 6040026. Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) E/B B F - - 6040027. Andean Renaissance -/F - - - - 6040030. People's Solution -/E - - - - 6040034. National Solidarity Party (PSN) F/- - - - - 6040036. We Can Peru (PP) - - - - H 6040037. Purple Party (PM) - - - - I 6040050. Peru Wins (UPP) - - A - - 6040051. Alliance for the Great Change (APGC) - - D - - 6040052. National Unity (UN) -/C C - - - 6040053. Alliance for the Future (AF) - D - - - 6040054. Peru 2000 A/- - - - - | POLITY NOTES - PERU: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Peru, | once in 2000 and once in 2001. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2000, while codes | after the slash refers to 2001. | | 6040001: Popular Force (FP) was known as Force 2011 until 2012. | It succeeded the previous Fujimori supporting party, Alliance | for the Future, and was founded in 2011. | | 6040004: Alliance for Progress (APP) is listed as "AVANCEMOS/ | RENOVACION" in the CSES MODULE 1 Codebook. In the Codebook of | MODULE 4, the party is referred to as "Alliance for Progress of | Peru". | | 6040005: People's Alliance was a political coalition of the | Peruvian Aprista Party (APRA) and the Christian People's Party | (PPC) for the 2016 Peruvian general election. | | 6040008: Possible Peru ran in an alliance with We are Peru (PDSP) | and Popular Action (AP) for the 2011 Peruvian general election. | | 6040011: Popular Renewal (RP) is a successor party of 6040034. | National Solidarity Party (PSN) founded in 2020. | | 6040014: National Restoration (RN) was dissolved in 2020 and | refounded as 6040035. National Victory (VN). | | 6040015: National Solidarity Alliance was an alliance founded for | the 2011 elections. It Consisted of National Solidarity (PSN), | Union for Peru (UPP), Change 90, Always together, and All for | Peru. | | 6040026: Peruvian Aprista Party (PAP) is also known as the | American Popular Revolutionary Alliance (APRA). | | 6040050: Peru Wins (UPP) was an electoral alliance for the 2011 | Peruvian general election. Members were the Peruvian Nationalist | Party (PNP), the Socialist Party, the Peruvian Communist Party, | the Revolutionary Party, and the Political Movement of Socialist | Voice. | | 6040051: Alliance for the Great Change (APGC) was an electoral | alliance for the 2011 elections, consisting of the Alliance for | Progress, the Humanist Party, Christian People's Party (PPC), and | National Restoration (NR). | | 6040052: National Unity (UN) was a loose electoral alliance for | the 2000 and 2006 Peruvian elections. Members were the Christian | People's Party (PPC), National Solidarity (SN), National Renewal, | and Radical Change. | | 6040053: Alliance for the Future (AF) was an alliance for the | 2006 election, consisting of Cambio 90 - New Majority (NM), | Lets go Neighbors (VV) and Always United (Siempre Unidos). | | 6040054: Peru 2000 was an electoral alliance that ran in 2000, | consisting of Change 90, New Majority, National Independent | Front Peru 2000 and Lets go Neighbor. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: PHILIPPINES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6080001. Liberal Party (LP) - C A A - 6080002. Nationalist People's Coalition (NPC) - B - B - 6080003. National Unity Party (NUP) - - - C - 6080004. Nationalist Party (NP) - - C D - 6080005. United Nationalist Alliance (UNA) - - - E - 6080006. Filipino Democratic Party (PDP-LABAN) - - - F - 6080007. Lakas-Christian-Muslim Democrats (LAKAS-CMD) - A D G - 6080008. Democratic Action (Aksyon) - - - H - 6080009. People's Reform Party (PRP) - - - I - 6080018. Force of the Filipino Masses (PMP) - - B - - 6080070. Struggle for Democratic Philipinos (LDP) - D - - - 6080084. Democratic Action (AD) - E - - - 6080087. Alliance for the Common Good (AKP) - - I - - 6080117. New Nation-Volunteers for a New Philippines (VNP) - - F - - 6080143. Rise Up Philippines (BP) - F E - - | POLITY NOTES - PHILIPPINES: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 6080018: Force of the Philippine Masses (PMP) was known as | Filipino Worker's Party until it changed names in 2003. | | 6080087: Alliance for the Common Good (AKP) is also known as | "Ang Kapatiran Party." --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: POLAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6160001. Civic Platform (PO) - B B/A A B 6160002. Law and Justice (PiS) - D A/B B A 6160003. Polish People's Party (PSL) D E F/D D C 6160004. Solidarity Electoral Action (AWSP) A G - - - 6160007. Labor Union (UP) F I - - - 6160008. Freedom Union (UW) C H - - - 6160009. Democratic Left Alliance (SLD) B - D/- E D 6160010. Movement for Reconstruction of Poland (ROP) E - - - - 6160014. League of Polish Families (LPR) - F E/- - - 6160015. German Minority (MN) - - - H - 6160016. Poland Comes First (PJN) - - - F - 6160017. Palikots Movement - - - C - 6160018. Congress of the New Right (KNP) - - - G - 6160020. Left and Democrats (LiD) - - -/C - - 6160021. Left Together (Razem) - - - - F 6160022. Modern (Nowo) - - - - H 6160024. Self-Defense of the Republic Poland (SRP) - C C/- - - 6160025. Kukiz' 15 (K'15) - - - - E 6160033. Spring - - - - G 6160051. Democratic Party (PD) - - G/- - - 6160068. Social Democracy of Poland (SDPL) - - H/- - - 6160070. Coalition Of The Alliance Of The Democratic Left - The Union of Labor (SLD-UP) - A - - - 6160127. Confederation Liberty and Independence - - - - I | POLITY NOTES - POLAND: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Poland, | once in 2005 and once in 2007. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2005, while codes | after the slash refers to 2007. | | 6160127: Confederation Liberty and Independence was a coalition | of New Hope (KORWiN), National Movement (RN), Confederation of | the Polish Crown (KKP), Union of Christian Families (ZchR), | Party of Drivers, and National League (LN) for the 2019 election | (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: PORTUGAL --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6200001. Social Democratic Party (PSD) A A/B B - B 6200002. Socialist Party (PS) B B/A A B A 6200003. Democratic and Social Centre - People's Party (CDS-PP) C C/D C H E 6200004. Unitarian Democratic Coalition (CDU) D D/C E D D 6200005. Ecologist Party "The Greens" (PEV) - -/G - - - 6200006. Left Block (BE) E E/E D C C 6200007. Communist Worker's Party (PCTP/MRPP) F F/- - G - 6200008. Portuguese Communist Party (PCP) - -/F - - - 6200010. Enough (CH) - - - - G 6200011. Portugal Ahead (PSD - CDS-PP) - - - A - 6200012. Liberal Initiative (IL) - - - - H 6200013. Free (L) - - - - I 6200015. People's Monarchist Party (PPM) - H/- - - - 6200017. Earth Party (MPT) - G/- - - - 6200020. Democratic Republican Party (PDR) - - - F - 6200026. Humanist Party (PH) - I/- - - - 6200028. Party for People, Animals and Nature (PAN) - - - E F | POLITY NOTES - PORTUGAL: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The 2002 Portuguese Election Study included both the CSES | MODULE 1 and the CSES MODULE 2 questionnaires. Hence, the study | appeared in both CSES standalone modules but is included only | once in CSES IMD. In the table, the ALPHABETICAL party codes | under M1 and those appearing before the slash ("/") under M2 | refers to the same dataset. For CSES MODULE 2, three parties were | assigned additional alphabetical codes (PARTIES G, H, and I) for | which there is data at the macro level available, both in the | standalone CSES MODULE 2 and CSES IMD. | | The CSES MODULE 2 questionnaire was fielded twice in Portugal, | once in 2002 and once in 2005. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2002, while codes | after the slash refers to 2005. | | 6200004: Unitarian Democratic Coalition (CDU) was an electoral | coalition founded in 1987 between Communist Party (PCP) and the | Ecologist Party "The Greens" (PEV). It also includes the | political movement Democratic Intervention (ID). | | 6200011: Portugal Ahead (PSD - CDS-PP) was an electoral | coalition of the Social Democratic Party (PPD/PSD) and the | Democratic and Social Centre - People's Party (CDS-PP) for the | 2015 Portuguese election. | | 6200017: For the Earth Party (MPT), only macro data pertaining | to the alphabetic code G is available in the dataset. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: ROMANIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6420001. Romanian Party of Social Democracy (PSD) B A - G/- A 6420002. People's Party - Dan Diaconescu (PP-DD) - - - C/D - 6420003. Dem. Union of Hungarians in Romania (UDMR) D E E D/F D 6420004. Greater Romania Party (PRM) E D D E/E H 6420005. National Liberal Party (PNL) G B C H/- B 6420007. National Peasant and Christian Democratic Party (PNT-CD) - H - - - 6420009. New Generation Party - Christian Democratic (PNGCD) - - G - - 6420011. Social Liberal Union (USL) - - - A/- - 6420013. Save Romania Union (USR) - - - - C 6420019. Democratic Party (PD) - C - - - 6420020. Democratic Liberal Party (P-DL) - - A I/- - 6420022. Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) A - - - - 6420023. New Generation Party (PNG) - G - - - 6420024. Romanian Humanist Party (PUR) - F - - - 6420027. Social Democratic Union C - - - - 6420028. Romanian Party for National Unity (PUNR) F - - - - 6420053. Alliance of Liberals and Democrats (ALDE) - - - - E 6420054. United Romania Party (PRU) - - - - G 6420055. Our Romania Alliance (ANR) - - - - I 6420101. PSD-UNPR-PC Electoral Alliance - - - -/A - 6420102. Christian-Liberal Alliance (ACL) - - - -/B - 6420103. People's Movement Party (PMP) - - - -/C F 6420111. Social Democratic Party - Conservative Party (PSD - PC) - - B - - 6420200. Alliance for a Just Romania (ARD) - - - B/- - | POLITY NOTES - ROMANIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 4 questionnaire was fielded twice in Romania, | once in 2012 and once in 2014. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2012, while codes | after the slash refer to 2014. | | 6420011: Social Liberal Union (USL) was an electoral alliance | for the 2012 election. Its members were the Social Democratic | Party (PSD), the National Liberal Party (PNL), the Conservative | Party (PC), and the National Union for Romania's Progress (UNPR). | | 6420022: Romanian Democratic Convention (CDR) was an electoral | alliance founded in 1991. At the time of the 1996 election, it | consisted of the Christian Democratic National Peasants Party | (PNT-CD) and the Romanian Ecologist Party (PER). | | 6420027: Social Democratic Union was an alliance of the Social | Democratic Party (PSDR) and the Democratic Party (PD) for the | 1996 election. | | 6420101: PSD-UNPR-PC Electoral Alliance (PSD - UNPR - PC) was an | electoral alliance made up of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), | the National Union for Romania's Progress (UNPR), and the | Conservative Party (PC) for the 2014 Presidential election. | | 6420102: Christian-Liberal Alliance (ACL) was an electoral | alliance made up of the National Liberal Party (PNL) and the | Liberal Democratic Party (PDL) for the 2014 Presidential | Elections. | | 6420111: Social Democratic Party - Conservative Party (PSD - PC) | formed an electoral alliance for the 2009 elections. | | 6420200: Alliance for a Just Romania (ARD) was an electoral | alliance for the 2012 elections. It was made up of the Liberal | Democratic Party (PDL), the Civic Force (FC), and the Christian | Democratic National Peasant Party (PNTCD). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: RUSSIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6430001. United Russia (ER) - A - - - 6430002. Communist Party of the Russian Federation (KPRF) A/A B - - - 6430003. Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR) - C - - - 6430004. Yabloko (RDPY) F/F F - - - 6430005. Pensioners Party (RPP) - H - - - 6430006. Homeland People's Patriotic Union (RNPS) - D - - - 6430008. Fatherland All Russia (OBP) C/C - - - - 6430033. Zhirinovsky Bloc E/E - - - - 6430039. Agrarian Party of Russia (APR) - G - - - 6430042. Rebirth of Russia Party (PVR) - I - - - 6430043. Union of Right Forces (SPS) D/D E - - - 6430051. Unity Inter-Regional movement B/B - - - - | POLITY NOTES - RUSSIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Russia, | once in 1999 and once in 2000. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 1999, while codes | after the slash refers to 2000. | | 6430003: Liberal Democratic Party of Russia (LDPR) ran as | Zhirinovsky Bloc in the 1999 Russian Elections, and is coded | into 6430033 for the IMD. | | 6430006: Homeland People's Patriotic Union (RNPS) is also | known as Rodina. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SERBIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 6880001. Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) - - - A - 6880002. Democratic Party (DS) - - - B - 6880003. Serbian Radical Party (SRS) - - - G - 6880004. Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) - - - C - 6880005. Democratic Party of Serbia (DSS) - - - D - 6880006. Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) - - - E - 6880007. United Regions of Serbia (URS) - - - F - 6880008. Alliance of Vojvodina's Hungarians (SVM) - - - H - | POLITY NOTES - SERBIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 6880001: Serbian Progressive Party (SNS) formed the alliance | "Let's Get Serbia Moving" for the 2012 Serbian Parliamentary | election. Next to the SNS, other members were New Serbia (NS), | the Movement of Socialists (PS), Strength of Serbia Movement | (PSS), the Serbian Association of Small and Medium Companies and | Entrepreneurs, the Association of Refugees in Serbia, the | People's Peasant Party (NSS), the Bosniak People's Party (BNS), | the Democratic Party of Macedonian, the Roma Party (RP), the | Vlach Unity Movement and Economic Renewal of Serbia. | | 6880002: Democratic Party (DS) was a member of the alliance | "Choice For A Better Life" for the 2012 election. Other members | were the Social Democratic Party of Serbia (SDPS), the League of | Social Democrats of Vojvodina (LSV), Greens of Serbia (ZS), the | Democratic Alliance of Croats in Vojvodina (DSHV), and the | Christian Democratic Party of Serbia (DHSS). | | 6880004: Socialist Party of Serbia (SPS) formed an alliance | with the Party of United Pensioners of Serbia (PUPS) and United | Serbia (JS) for the 2012 election. | | 6880006: Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) was a member of the | alliance "Turnover" in the 2012 election. Other members were the | Serbian Renewal Movement (SPO), the Social Democratic Union | (SDU), Rich Serbia (BS), Vojvodina's Party (VP), the Democratic | Party of Sandzak (SDAS), the Green Ecological Party and Party of | Bulgarians from Serbia. | | 6880007: United Regions of Serbia (URS) was an alliance for the | 2012 election. It consisted out of the G17 Plus party (G17+), | Together for Sumadija (ZZS), the People's Party and several | other regional political parties and movements. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVAKIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7030001. Direction - Social Democracy (Smer) - - A A B 7030002. Freedom and Solidarity (SaS) - - C B F 7030003. Slovak Democratic and Christian Union - Democratic Party (SDKU - DS) - - B - - 7030004. Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) - - D I H 7030006. Slovak National Party (SNS) - - F D - 7030008. Bridge (MH) - - E G - 7030009. Ordinary people - Independents solidarities (OLaNO) - - - C A 7030010. People's Party - Movement For a Democratic Slovakia (LS - HZDS) - - H - - 7030012. Kotleba - People's Party Our Slovakia (LsNS)- - - E D 7030013. Network (S)/Slovak Conservative Party (SKS) - - - H - 7030014. We are family (SR) - - - F C 7030015. Party Of The Hungarian Coalition (SMK) - - G - - 7030017. For the People (ZL) - - - - G 7030100. Progressive Slovakia - TOGETHER- Civic-Democracy - - - - E 7030101. Hungarian Community Togetherness (MKO) - - - - I | POLITY NOTES - SLOVAKIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7030009: Ordinary people - Independent Personalities (OLaNO) | operated a joint party list in the 2020 election with three | other parties, namely: | - New Majority (NOVA). | - 7030065. Christian Union (KU) | - 7030049. Change from the Bottom (DU). | | 7030012: Kotleba - People's Party Our Slovakia (LsNS) was | known as "People's Party - Our Slovakia" until November 2015. | | 7030013: Network (S) renamed to Slovak Conservative Party (SKS) | in 2018. | | 7030100: Progressive Slovakia - TOGETHER-Civic Democracy | was an electoral coalition for the 2020 election, with the | following parties contesting as part of this alliance: | - 7030018. Progressive Slovakia (PS) | - 7030019. TOGETHER - Civic Democracy (SPOLU) | | 7030101: Hungarian Community Togetherness (MKO) was an | electoral coalition for the 2020 election, with the | following parties contesting as part of this alliance: | - Hungarian Forum. | - 7030034. Party of the Hungarian Community (SMK-MKP) | - Oesszefogas-Spolupatricnos. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVENIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7050001. Social Democratic Party (SDS) C A B B - 7050002. Social Democrats (SD) E C A C - 7050003. Democratic Party of Pensioners (DeSUS) F G D E - 7050004. Liberal Democracy of Slovenia (LDS) A B G - - 7050006. Slovenian People's Party (SLS) B E - F - 7050007. New Slovenia-Christian People's Party (NSi) - D H G - 7050008. Slovenian National Party (SNS) G F E H - 7050009. Gregor Virant's Civic List (DIGV) - - - D - 7050016. Zoran Jankovic List - Positive Slovenija (LZJ-PS) - - - A - 7050017. Christian Democrats (SKD) D - - - - 7050019. Slovenian People's Party - Youth Party of Slovenia (SLS - SMS) - - F - - 7050020. For Real-New Politics (ZARES) - - C - - | POLITY NOTES - SLOVENIA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7050002: Social Democrats (SD) were known as United List of | Social Democrats (ZLSD) until 2005. | | 7050006: Slovenian People's Party (SLS) briefly changed its | party acronym to (SLS+SKD) from 2000 to 2001 to indicate the | merge with the Christian Democrats into the party, which took | place in April 2000. | | 7050007: New Slovenia - Christian People's Party (NSi) is a | splinter from the Slovenian People's Party (SLS) and was founded | in August 2000, shortly after the Christian Democrats (SKD) | joined the SLS. | | 7050017: Christian Democrats (SKD) merged into the Slovenian | People's Party (SLS) in April 2000. | | 7050019: Slovenian People's Party - Youth Party of Slovenia | (SLS - SMS) ran on a joint list for the 2008 Slovenian election. | | 7050020: For Real-New Politics (ZARES) was founded as a splinter | from the Liberal Democracy of Slovenia (LDS) party in 2007. | Shortly after, Active Slovenia (AS) merged with ZARES. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH AFRICA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7100001. African National Congress (ANC) - - A A - 7100002. Democratic Alliance (DA) - - B B - 7100003. Economic Freedom Fighters (EFF) - - - C - 7100004. Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) - - D D - 7100005. National Freedom Party (NFP) - - - E - 7100006. United Democratic Movement (UDM) - - F F - 7100007. Freedom Front Plus (VF Plus) - - G G - 7100008. Congress of the People (COPE) - - C H - 7100009. African Christian Democratic Party (ACDP) - - H I - 7100022. Independent Democrats (ID) - - E - - | POLITY NOTES - SOUTH AFRICA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7100001: African National Congress (ANC) formed an alliance with | the Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU) and the | South African Communist Party (SACP) in the 2014 South African | Election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH KOREA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4100001. New Frontier Party (NFP) A B A A A 4100002. Liberty Forward Party (LFP) - - C D - 4100003. New Progressive Party (NPP) - - G F - 4100004. Democratic United Party (DUP) - - B B - 4100005. Unified Progressive Party (UPP) - - - C - 4100006. Democratic Liberal Party E - - - - 4100007. Pro-Park Geun-hye Alliance - - D - - 4100008. Democratic Party of Korea (DP) - - - - B 4100009. Justice Party (JP) - - - - D 4100010. Millennium Democratic Party (MDP) B D - - - 4100011. United Liberal Democrats (ULD) C E - - - 4100012. Democratic People's Party D - - - - 4100014. People's Party (PP) - - - - C 4100015. Democratic Labor Party (DLP) - C E - - 4100017. Renewal of Korea Party - - F - - 4100020. National Integration 21 - F - - - 4100021. Our Party - A - - - 4100022. Christian Party - - - E - 4100023. New Korean Party of the Hope (NKPH) F - - - - | POLITY NOTES - SOUTH KOREA: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 4100001: New Frontier Party (NFP) was formerly known as Grand | National Party (GNP) until its name change in February 2012. | In CSES MODULE 5, it is referred to as "Saenuri Party (SP)", | an alternative name of the party. In 2017, the NFP renamed | again to "Liberty Korea Party". | | 4100005: Unified Progressive Party (UPP) was founded in December | 2011 as a merger of the Democratic Labor Party (DLP), the | People's Participation Party and a faction of the New | Progressive Party (NPP). | | 4100006: Democratic Liberal Party was adopted from the CSES | MODULE 1 Codebook, where it received the ALPHABETICAL party code | E. It likely refers to the "Democratic Labor Party" (DLP) which | finished fifth in the 2000 South Korean Legislative elections. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SPAIN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7240001. Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSOE) B/B A A - - 7240002. People's Party (PP) A/A B B - - 7240003. Convergence and Union (CiU) D/D D C - - 7240004. United Left (IU) C/C C F - - 7240005. Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) E/E F D - - 7240008. Galician Nationalist Bloc (BNG) - H G - - 7240009. Republican Left of Catalonia (ERC) - E E - - 7240012. Union, Progress and Democracy (UPyD) - - I - - 7240013. Canary Coalition (CC) F/- G - - - 7240014. Canarian Coalition - Canarian Nationalist Party (CC - PNC) - - H - - | POLITY NOTES - SPAIN: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Spain, | once in 1996 and once in 2000. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | party codes before the slash ("/") refers to 1996, while codes | after the slash refers to 2000. | | 7240005: Basque Nationalist Party (PNV) is also known as | "Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea" (EAJ), which is the Basque name for | that party. | | 7240014: Canarian Coalition - Canarian Nationalist Party | (CC - PNC) formed an electoral alliance for the Spanish 2008 | election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWEDEN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7520001. Social Democratic Worker's Party (SAP) A A A A A 7520002. Moderate Party (M) B B B B B 7520003. Liberal People's Party (FP)/Liberals (L) F C D G - 7520004. Christian Democrats (KD) D D E H F 7520005. Green Party (MP) - G G D H 7520006. Centre Party (C) E F C E D 7520007. Left Party (V) C E F F E 7520008. Sweden Democrats (SD) - - H C C 7520009. Feminist Party (Fi) - - I I I | POLITY NOTES - SWEDEN: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7520003. Liberal People's Party (FP) is known as Liberals (L) | since November 2015. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWITZERLAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7560001. Swiss People's Party (SVP/UDC) A A A A A 7560002. Social Democratic Party (SP/PS) B B B B B 7560003. Christian Democratic People's Party(CVP/PDC) D D D D E 7560004. The Liberals (FDP/PLR) - - - C C 7560005. Green Party (GPS/PES) E E E E D 7560006. Evangelical People's Party (EVP/PEP) - - F F - 7560008. Ticino League (Lega) - - H G H 7560014. Liberal Party (LPS/PLS) F - G - - 7560021. Green Liberal Party (GLP/PVL) - - - - F 7560023. Geneva Citizens' Movement (MCG) - - - - I 7560024. Radical Democratic Party (FDP/PLR) C C C - - 7560025. Conservative Democratic Party (BDP/PBD) - - - - G | POLITY NOTES - SWITZERLAND: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7560004: The Liberals (FDP / PLR) were founded in January 2009. | It is a merger of the Radical Democratic Party (FDP/PLR) and the | Liberal Party (LPS/PLS). | | 7560014: Liberal Party (LPS / PLS) merged with 7560024. Radical | Democratic Party (FDP/PLR) to form 7560004. The Liberals | (FDP/PLR) in 2009. However, the Liberal Party continues to | operate as a separate party section in the canton of Basel-City. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: TAIWAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 1580001. Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) B A/A B B A/A 1580002. Kuomintang of China (KMT) A B/B A A B/B 1580003. People First Party (PFP) - C/C - C F/E 1580004. New Party (NP) C E/E - - -/- 1580006. Taiwan Solidarity Union (TSU) - D/D - - G/- 1580007. Non-Partisan Solidarity Union (NPSU) - -/- - D -/- 1580013. New Power Party (NPP) - - - - C/D 1580014. Taiwan People's Party (TPP) - - - - -/C 1580028. Minkuotang (MKT) - - - - E/- 1580029. Taiwan Statebuilding Party (TSP) - - - - -/F 1580100. Green-Social Democratic Coalition (GP - SDP) - - - - D/- | POLITY NOTES - TAIWAN: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 2 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Taiwan. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL party codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | Taiwan, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 2: TAIWAN 2001 / TAIWAN 2004 | CSES MODULE 5: TAIWAN 2016 / TAIWAN 2020 | | 1580002: Kuomintang of China (KMT) is also known as the Chinese | Nationalist Party. The CSES MODULE 1 Codebook lists it as | "Nationalist Party". | | 1580003: People First Party (PFP) is also known as | "Quinmindang" (QMD). | | 1580004: New Party (NP) adopted its current name prior to the | Taiwan 2004 election. Previously, it was known as "Chinese | New Party". | | 1580100: Green-Social Democratic Coalition (GP - SDP) was an | electoral coalition between 1580005. Green Party (GPT) and | 1580037. Social Democratic Party (SDP) for the 2016 election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: THAILAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7640001. For Thais Party (PPT) - - - A B 7640002. Democrat Party (DP) B - B B D 7640003. Thai Pride Party (BJT) - - - C E 7640004. Love Thailand Party - - - D - 7640005. Thai Nation Development Party (CP) - - - E G 7640006. National Development of the Motherland P. - - - F - 7640007. Peaceloving Party - - - G - 7640008. Motherland Party (Phak Matunhum Party) - - D H - 7640009. Power of Choburi Party - - - I - 7640010. State Power Party (PPRP) - - - - A 7640012. People's Nation Party - - - - I 7640014. People's Power Party (PPP) - - A - - 7640018. Royal People Party (PRP) - - G - - 7640021. Thai Nation Party (CTP) D - C - - 7640022. Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT) A - - - - 7640023. New Aspiration Party C - - - - 7640024. Neutral Democratic Party (MCM) - - F - - 7640025. Referendum Party - - H - - 7640026. National Development Party E - - - - 7640027. Justice and Freedom Party F - - - - 7640031. Future Forward Party (FFP) - - - - C 7640032. Thai Liberal Party (TLP) - - - - F 7640033. New Economics Party (NEP) - - - - H 7640060. Thais United National Development Party - - E - - | POLITY NOTES - THAILAND: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7640006: National Development of the Motherland Party was a | merger of Thais United National Development Party (RC) and the | Motherland Party (PP - Puea Pandin Party) in early 2011, prior | to the election. | The RC itself was founded as a party merge between Thais United | and the former National Development Party in September 2007. | | 7640025: Referendum Party is listed as "Prachamati" in the CSES | MODULE 3 Codebook. | | 7640060: Thais United National Development Party was founded in | 2007 after the merger of Thai United and the National | Development Party. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: TUNISIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7880001. Ennahda Movement - - - - A 7880002. Heart of Tunisia - - - - B 7880003. Free Destourian Party - - - - C 7880004. Democratic Current - - - - D 7880005. Dignity Coalition - - - - E 7880006. People's Movement - - - - F --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: TURKEY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 7920001. Justice and Development Party (AKP) - - A A A 7920002. Republican People's Party (CHP) - - B B B 7920003. Nationalist Action Party (MHP) - - C C D 7920004. Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) - - - D C 7920005. Felicity Party (SP) - - E E F 7920006. Patriotic Party (VP) - - - F - 7920007. Good Party (IYI) - - - - E 7920009. People's Voice Party (HSP) - - F - - 7920012. Democratic Left Party (DSP) - - I - - 7920013. Democratic Party (DP) - - H - - 7920015. Great Union Party (BBP) - - G - - 7920016. Peace and Democratic Party (BDP) - - D - - | POLITY NOTES - TURKEY: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 7920004: Peoples' Democratic Party (HDP) was founded in 2012 | and established by the People's Democratic Congress (HDK), a | union of several left-wing political groups that jointly fielded | independent candidates in the 2011 Turkish elections. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: UKRAINE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8040010. Communist Party of Ukraine A - - - - 8040011. People's Ruks of Ukraine B - - - - 8040012. Socialist Party of Ukraine C - - - - 8040013. Peasants Party of Ukraine F - - - - 8040014. Party of Greens of Ukraine D - - - - 8040015. People's-Democratic Party E - - - - 8040018. Social-Democratic Party G - - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: UNITED STATES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8400001. Republican Party (GOP) B A B B B/B 8400002. Democratic Party (DEM) A B A A A/A 8400003. Libertarian Party (LIB) - - - G C/C 8400004. Reform Party (REF) C C - - -/- 8400005. Green Party (GPUS) - - - H D/- 8400006. Constitution Party (Con) - - - I -/- | POLITY NOTES - UNITED STATES: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | The CSES MODULE 5 questionnaire was fielded twice in the United | States, once in 2016 and once in 2020. In the table above, | ALPHABETICAL party codes before the slash ("/")" refers to 2016, | while codes after the slash refers to 2020. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL PARTY/COALITION CODES BY CSES MODULE: URUGUAY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8580001. Broad Front (FA) - - A - A 8580002. National Party (PN) - - B - B 8580003. Colorado Party - - C - C 8580004. Independent Party (PI) - - D - G 8580005. Popular Assembly - - E - - 8580007. Open Cabildo - - - - D 8580008. Intransigent Radical Ecology Party (PERI) - - - - E 8580009. People's Party - - - - F 8580010. Popular Unity - - - - H 8580011. Green Animalist Party (PVA) - - - - I | POLITY NOTES - URUGUAY: PARTIES/COALITIONS | | 8580002: National Party (PN) is also known as "White Party". | | 8580010: Popular Unity is an electoral alliance of several | left-wing political parties established in 2013. It is the | successor of 8580005. Popular Assembly. =========================================================================== ))) ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES FOR CSES IMD BY CSES MODULE AND POLITY =========================================================================== This section details the relational data (i.e., in Standalone CSES Modules data which was collected and involved the assigning of alphabetical codes) for political leaders. These data refer to leader likeability. The question asked of respondents was: "And what do you think of the Presidential candidates/party leaders? After I read the name of a Presidential candidate/party leader, please rate them on a scale from 0 to 10, where 0 means you strongly dislike that candidate and 10 means that you strongly like that candidate. If I come to a Presidential candidate/party leader you haven't heard of or you feel you do not know enough about, just say so." These data were available in Standalone CSES Modules 1, 3, 4, and 5. No leader likeability data was collected for CSES Module 2. However, in Australia and Brazil, leader likeability data was included as part of the optional scales fielded in these countries. These data are also included in CSES IMD but are not listed in the below entries. Instead, users are advised to consult the Standalone CSES Module Codebooks for Module 2 - variable B3041. The corresponding variables in the Standalone CSES Modules are: - MODULE 1: A3021_A-I - MODULE 2: Not included - MODULE 3: C3010_A-I - MODULE 4: D3012_A-I - MODULE 5: E3018_A-I In the below lists, modules are abbreviated: M1=Module 1; M3=Module 3; M4=Module 4; M5=Module 5. Leaders within each polity are listed according to numerical code assigned in CSES IMD to the party/coalition which they lead or are associated with. For example, in Canada, leaders of the Liberal Party (LIB) are listed first because the Liberal Party has been assigned the numerical code 1240001 in CSES IMD. Leaders of the Conservative Party (CP) are then listed as they have been assigned the numerical code 1240002 etc... After this, leaders are then listed in chronological order beginning with the oldest election for the said polity. We also provide the abbreviation of the party/coalition the leader is associated with. In instances where a polity fielded the same Module twice (e.g., Brazil for Module 3), accompanying POLITY NOTES detail the alphabetical assignment for each election study within that module for that polity. Leader names are listed with Christian name first followed by the surname. Where a polity did not appear in a particular module, we use "-". Polities are listed below in alphabetical order. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ALBANIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Edi Rama (PS) - - - A Lulzim Basha (PD) - - - B Ilir Meta (LSI) - - - C Shpetim Idrizi (PDIU) - - - D Ben Blushi (LIBRA) - - - E Tom Doshi (PSD) - - - F --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ARGENTINA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Daniel Scioli (FPV) - - A - Mauricio Macri (Cam) - - B - Sergio Massa (UNA) - - C - Nicolas del Cano (FIT) - - D - Margarita Stolbizer (Pro) - - E - Adolfo Rodriguez Saa (ACF) - - F - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRALIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- John Howard (LP) - SEE POLITY NOTES B A B - - Peter Costello (LP) - - F - - Tony Abbott (LP) - - - A - Scott Morrison (LP) - - - - A Tim Fischer (NPA) C - - - - John Anderson (NPA) - SEE POLITY NOTES - D - - - Mark Vaile (NPA) - - C - - Warren Truss (NPA) - - - E - Michael McCormack (NPA) - - - - D Paul Keating (ALP) A - - - - Mark Latham (ALP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - B - - - Kevin Rudd (ALP) - - A B - Julia Gillard (ALP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - E G - Bill Shorten (ALP) - - - - B Anthony Albanese (ALP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - - G Cheryl Kernot (AD) D - - - - Andrew Bartlett (AD) - SEE POLITY NOTES - F - - - Bob Brown (AG) - SEE POLITY NOTES - C D - - Christine Milne (AG) - - - C - Richard Di Natale (AG) - - - - C Pauline Hanson (ONP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - G - - F | POLITY NOTES - AUSTRALIA: LEADERS | | The leader like/dislike ratings were not part of the official | CSES MODULE 2 questionnaire. However, the CSES MODULE 2 dataset | includes an optional scale for leaders. For Australia 2004, | these variables included like/dislike ratings of leaders which | were included in CSES IMD. Hence, there are alphabetical leader | codes for CSES MODULE 2 for Australia 2004 but not for most of | the other election studies included in the CSES IMD. | | Kevin Rudd was the outgoing Prime Minister at the time of the | 2013 Australian federal election (CSES MODULE 4). He replaced | Julia Gillard as leader of the Australian Labor Party before | the 2013 election. | | Anthony Albanese was the deputy leader of the Australian Labor | Party during the 2019 election (CSES MODULE 5). Following the | party's defeat in the election, Bill Shorten resigned and | Albanese was elected leader of the Labor Party unopposed. | Relational data in CSES IMD is available for both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: AUSTRIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Werner Faymann (SPO) - - A - Christian Kern (SPO) - - - B Michael Spindelegger (OVP) - - B - Sebastian Kurz (OVP) - - - A Heinz-Christian Strache (FPO) - - C C Josef Bucher (BZO) - - E - Eva Glawischnig-Piesczek (GRUENE) - - D - Ulrike Lunacek (GRUENE) - - - F Peter Pilz (PILZ) - - - E Matthias Strolz (NEOS) - - F D Frank Stronach (TEAM STRONACH) - - G - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELARUS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tatiana Golubeva (Communist Party of Belarus) - A - - Sergej Gajdukkevich (LDP) D H - - Anatoly Lebedko (United Civil Party) H F - - Sergey Kalyakin ('A Just World') - E - - Mikola Statkevich (Assembly) E - - - Shushkevich S.S (Assembly) - G - - Zianon Stanislavavich Pazniak (BPF) - C - - Lyavon Barshchewski (The BNF Party) - D - - Vladimir Goncharik (United Democratic Opposition) B - - - Aleksandr Lukashenko (Independent) A - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BELGIUM --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CSES IMD NUMERICAL CODE AND PARTY/COALITION NAME M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bart De Wever (N-VA) - - - FLA A Elio Di Rupo (PS) - - - WAL A Wouter Beke (CD&V) - - - FLA C Gwendolyn Rutten (Open-VLD) - - - FLA D John Crombez (sp.a) - - - FLA E Mischael Modrikamen (PP) - - - WAL G Maxime Prevot (cdH) - - - WAL E Peter Mertens (PVDA / PTB) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - FLA G/ WAL D Tom Van Grieken (VB) - - - FLA B Zakia Khattabi (Ecolo) - - - WAL C Olivier Maingain (DeFI) - - - WAL F Meryem Almaci (Green) - - - FLA F Charles Michel (MR) - - - WAL B | POLITY - BELGIUM: LEADERS | | Two election studies were run in Belgium 2019 (M5), one in | Belgium-Flanders, and one in Belgium-Wallonia. ALPHABETICAL | leader codes starting with "FLA" refer to Belgium Flanders, | while codes staring with "WAL" refer to Belgium-Wallonia. | | Almost all Belgian parties are divided into linguistic groups, | and therefore, few parties compete on a national basis Instead, | most parties compete in one of two predominant linguistic regions | namely Belgium-Flanders (Dutch-speaking region) and Belgium- | Wallonia (French-speaking region). Thus, elections to Belgium's | national parliament essentially operate as two distinct elections | for one chamber. | | The Workers' Party of Belgium (PVDA / PTB) is the only party | contesting elections nationwide. Hence, respondents from both | Belgium-Flanders and Belgium-Wallonia rated the party's leader | Peter Mertens in 2019 (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BRAZIL --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Luiz I. Lula da Silva (PT) - A B/- - - Dilma Roussef (PT) - - -/A A - Fernando Haddad (PT) - - - - B Jose Serra (PSDB) - B -/C - - Geraldo Alckmin (PSDB) - - C/- - C Aecio Neves da Cunha (PSDB) - - - B - Antonio Carlos Magalhaes (PFL) - C - - - Jader Barbalho (PMDB) - D - - - Michel Temer (PMDB) - - - C - Henrique Meirelles (MDB) - - - - F Paulo Maluf (PPB) - E - - - Anthony Garotinho (PSB) - F - - - Maria Osmarina Marina Silva Vaz de Lima (PSB) - - - E - Ciro Gomes (PSB) - - -/F - - Gilberto Kassab (PSD) - - - F - Anthony Garotinho (PR) - - - G - Ronaldo Caiado (DEM) - - - I - Leonel Brizola (PDT) - G - - - Christovam Buarque (PDT) - - E/- - - Heloisa Helena (PSOL) - - I/- - - Jair Bolsonaro (PSL) - - - - A | POLITY NOTES - BRAZIL: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Brazil, | once in 2006 and once in 2010. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2006, while codes | after the slash refer to 2010. | | The leader like/dislike ratings were not part of the official | CSES MODULE 2 questionnaire. However, the CSES MODULE 2 dataset | includes an optional scale for leaders. For Brazil 2002, | these variables included like/dislike ratings of leaders which | were included in CSES IMD. Hence, there are alphabetical leader | codes for CSES MODULE 2 for Brazil 2002 but not for most of | the other election studies included in the CSES IMD. | | Alphabetical leader codes for 2018 (M5) refer to Presidential | candidates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: BULGARIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Boyko Borisov (GERB) - - A - Lutfi Mestan (DPS) - - C - Radan Kanev (RB) - - D - Valeri Simeonov (NFSB and IMRO) - - E - Nikolay Barekov (BBZ) - - F - Volen Siderov (Ataka) - - G - Georgi Parvanov (ABV) - - H - Mihail Mikov (KzB | DL) - - B - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CANADA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jean Chretien (LIB) A - - - Stephane Dion (LIB) - B - - Michael Ignatieff (LIB) - - C/- - Justin Trudeau (LIB) - - -/A B Stephen Harper (CP) - A A/B - Andrew Scheer (CP) - - - A Alexa Mcdonough (NDP) D - - - Jack Layton (NDP) - D B/- - Thomas Mulcair (NDP) - - -/C - Jagmeet Singh (NDP) - - - C Gilles Duceppe (BQ) E C D/D - Yves-Francois Blanchet (BQ) - - - D Elizabeth May (GP) - E E/E E Jean Charest (PC) C - - - Preston Manning (RPC) B - - - Maxime Bernier (PP) - - - F | POLITY NOTES - CANADA: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 4 questionnaire was fielded twice in Canada, | once in 2011 and once in 2015. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2011, while codes | after the slash refers to 2015. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CHILE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Eduardo Frei (PDC) - C - - Carolina Goic (PDC) - - - C Sebastian Pinera (RN) - B - A Alejandro Guillier (PSCH) - - - D Jorge Arrate (PCCh) - G - - Beatriz Sanchez (RD) - - - F Marco Enriquez-Ominami (MEO) - H - - Marco Enriquez-Ominami (PRO) - - - G Eduardo Artes (UPA) - - - H Alejandro Navarro (Pais) - - - I Jose Antonio Kast (Independent) - - - E | POLITY NOTES - CHILE: LEADERS | | Alphabetical leader codes for 2017 (M5) refer to Presidential | candidates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: COSTA RICA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Antonio Alvarez Desanti (PLN) - - - A Fabricio Alvarado Munoz (PRN) - - - B Carlos Alvarado Quesada (PAC) - - - C Rodolfo Piza Rocafort (PUSC) - - - D Juan Diego Castro Fernandez (PIN) - - - E Rodolfo Hernandez Gomez (PRSC) - - - F --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CROATIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ivo Sanader (HDZ) - A - - Zoran Milanovic (SDP) - B - - Vesna Pusic (HNS) - C - - Vladimir Jordan (HSU) - E - - Josip Friscic (HSS) - D - - Durda Adlesic (HSLS) - G - - Branimir Glavas (HDSSB) - H - - Anto Dapic (HSP) - F - - Ivan Jakovcic (IDS) - I - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Milos Zeman (CSSD) B - - - Jiri Paroubek (CSSD) - B/A - - Bohuslav Sobotka (CSSD) - - A - Lubomir Zaoralek (CSSD) - - - F/- Jan Hamacek (CSSD) - - - -/E Vaclav Klaus (ODS) A - - - Mirek Topolanek (ODS) - A/- - - Petr Necas (ODS) - -/B - - Miroslava Nemcova (ODS) - - E - Petr Fiala (ODS) - - - B/A Josef Lux (KDU-CSL) D - - - Miroslav Kalousek (KDU-CSL) - D/- - - Cyril Svoboda (KDU-CSL) - -/F - - Pavel Belobradek (KDU-CSL) - - G G/- Marian Jurecka (KDU-CSL) - - - -/H Miroslav Grebenicek (KSCM) C - - - Vojtech Filip (KSCM) - C/D C E/F Martin Bursik (SZ) - E/- - - Ondrej Liska (SZ) - -/H - - Andrej Babis (ANO 2011) - - B A/B Tomio Okamura (SPD) - - - D/D Karel Schwarzenberg (TOP 09) - -/C D - Miroslav Kalousek (TOP 09) - - - H/- Marketa Pekarova Adamova (TOP 09) - - - -/G Jan Kalvoda (ODA) F - - - Ivan Bartos (Pi) - - - C/C Tomio Okamura (Usvit) - - F - Radek John (VV) - -/E - - Jan Farsky (STAN) - - - I/- Vit Rakusan (STAN) - - - -/I Miroslav Sladek (SPR-RSC) E - - - | POLITY NOTES - CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | the Czech Republic/Czechia. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL | leader codes. Thus, ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash | ("/") refers to the study that included the respective CSES | MODULE first, while codes after the slash refer to the later | study. Specifically, for Czech Republic/Czechia, ALPHABETICAL | codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA 2006 / 2010 | CSES MODULE 5: CZECH REPUBLIC/CZECHIA 2017 / 2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: DENMARK --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Poul Nyrup Rasmussen (Sd) A - - - Helle Thorning-Schmidt (Sd) - B - - Mette Frederiksen (Sd) - - - A Uffe Ellemann-Jensen (V) B - - - Anders Fogh Rasmussen (V) - A - - Lars Lokke Rasmussen (V) - - - B Holger Nielsen (SF) D - - - Villy Sovndahl (SF) - D - - Pia Olsen Dyhr (SF) - - - E Line Barfoed (EL) - H - - Pernille Skipper (EL) - - - F Margrethe Vestager (RV) - F - - Morten Ostergaard (RV) - - - D Per Stig Moeller (KF) C - - - Bendt Bendtsen (KF) - E - - Soren Pape Poulsen (KF) - - - G Bodil Kornbek (KD) - I - - Naser Khader (NA) - G - - Pia Kjaersgaard (DF) E C - - Kristian Thulesen Dahl (DF) - - - C Mimi Jakobsen (CD) F - - - Uffe Elbaek (A) - - - H Pernille Vermund (NB) - - - I --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: EL SALVADOR --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nayib Bukele (GANA) - - - A Guillermo Gallegos (GANA) - - - G Norman Quijano (ARENA) - - - B Oscar Ortiz (FMLN) - - - C Mario Ponce (PCN) - - - H | POLITY NOTES - EL SALVADOR: LEADERS | | Nayib Bukele was the Presidential candidate of The Grand Alliance | for National Unity (GANA) in the 2019 Presidential elections | (M5). | Norman Quijano, Oscar Ortiz, Guillermo Gallegos, and Mario Ponce | had been Presidents or Vice Presidents of the Legislative | Assembly of the four major legislative parties between 2014 and | 2021. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ESTONIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Andrus Ansip (ER e) - A - - Edgar Savisaar (EK) - B - - Sven Mikser (SDE) - D - - Mart Laar (IRL) - C - - Aleksei Lotman (EER) - F - - Andrus Blok (ER a) - E - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: FINLAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Matti Vanhanen (KESK) - A/- - - Mari Kiviniemi (KESK) - -/D - - Juha Sipila (KESK) - - A D Eero Heinaluoma (SDP) - C/- - - Jutta Urpilainen (SDP) - -/B - - Antti Rinne (SDP) - - D A Jyrki Katainen (KOK) - B/A - - Alexander Stubb (KOK) - - B - Petteri Orpo (KOK) - - - C Timo Soini (PS) - H/C C - Jussi Halla-aho (PS) - - - B Tarja Cronberg (VIHR) - E/- - - Anni Sinnemaki (VIHR) - -/F - - Ville Niinistoe (VIHR) - - E - Pekka Haavisto (VIHR) - - - E Martti Korhonen (VAS) - D/- - - Paavo Arhinmaki (VAS) - -/E F - Li Andersson (VAS) - - - F Paivi Rasanen (KD) - G/H H - Sari Essayah (KD) - - - H Stefan Wallin (RKP-SFP) - F/G - - Carl Haglund (RKP-SFP) - - G - Anna-Maja Henriksson (RKP-SFP) - - - G Sampo Terho (SIN) - - - I | POLITY NOTES - FINLAND: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Finland, | once in 2007 and once in 2011. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2007, while codes | after the slash refers to 2011. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: FRANCE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nicolas Sarkozy (UMP) - A B - Segolene Royal (PS) - B - - Francois Hollande (PS) - - A - Benoit Hamon (PS) - - - E Francois Bayrou (MoDem) - C E - Marie-George Buffet (PCF) - E - - Dominique Voynet (EELV) - F - - Eva Joly (EELV) - - F - Jean-Luc Melenchon (FDG / FI) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - D D Jean-Marie Le Pen (FN) - D - - Marine Le Pen (FN) - - C B Olivier Besancenot (LCR) - G - - Emmanuel Macron (LaREM) - - - A Francois Fillon (LR) - - - C | POLITY NOTES - FRANCE: LEADERS | | Alphabetical leader codes for 2007 (M3), 2012 (M4), and 2017 (M5) | refer to Presidential candidates. | | Jean-Luc Melenchon contested the 2012 Presidential elections (M4) | for the Left Front (FDG), an electoral coalition between the Left | Party (PG) and the French Communist Party (PCF). In 2017 (M5), | Melenchon contested the Presidential elections for La France | Insoumise (FI), a party he founded in 2016. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: GERMANY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Helmut Kohl (CDU) B - - - Angela Merkel (CDU) - SEE POLITY NOTES - B/A A A/I Armin Laschet (CDU) - - - -/B Theo Waigel (CSU) C - - - Edmund Stoiber (CSU) - F/- - - Horst Seehofer (CSU) - -/F E G/- Markus Soeder (CSU) - - - -/F Karl-Theodor zu Guttenberg (CSU) - -/H - - Gerhard Schroeder (SPD) A A/- - - Frank-Walter Steinmeier (SPD) - -/B - - Sigmar Gabriel (SPD) - - B - Peer Steinbrueck (SPD) - - I - Martin Schulz (SPD) - - - B/- Olaf Scholz (SPD) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - -/A Saskia Esken (SPD) - - - -/H Joschka Fischer (B90/GRUENE) D E/- - - Renate Kuenast (B90/GRUENE) - SEE ELECTION STUDY NOTES - -/E - - Juergen Trittin (B90/GRUENE) - - D - Cem Oezdemir (B90/GRUENE) - - - F/- Annalena Baerbock (B90/GRUENE) - - - -/C Wolfgang Gerhardt (FDP) E - - - Guido Westerwelle (FDP) - C/C - - Philipp Roesler (FDP) - - F - Christian Lindner (FDP) - - - D/D Gregor Gysi (DIE LINKE) F -/I C -/- Oskar Lafontaine (DIE LINKE) - D/D - - Sahra Wagenknecht (DIE LINKE) - - - E/- Janine Wissler (DIE LINKE) - - - -/G Udo Voigt (NPD) - G/- - - Alexander Gauland (AfD) - - - C/- Joerg Meuthen (AfD) - - - -/E | POLITY NOTES - GERMANY: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Germany. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL leader codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refers to the later study. Specifically, for | Germany, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: GERMANY 2005 / GERMANY 2009 | CSES MODULE 5: GERMANY 2017 / GERMANY 2021 | | Angela Merkel led the Christian Democratic Union (CDU) from | 2000 to 2018 and was incumbent chancellor from 2005 (M3) to | 2021 (M5). In 2018, Merkel announced not to seek reelection | as chancellor in 2021 and resigned from party-leadership. | Armin Laschet led the CDU in the 2021 election campaign. | Relational data in 2021 (M5) is available for both. | | Olaf Scholz was incumbent Vice Chancellor and Minister of | Finance at the time of the 2021 election (M5). He competed as | the Social Democratic Party's Chancellor candidate. In 2021, | the SPD was co-led by Saskia Esken and Norbert Walter-Borjans. | ELECTION STUDY NOTES - GERMANY: LEADERS | | For CSES MODULE 3 (2009 elections), two leaders are listed for | the Green Party (B90/GRUENE). However, the rating available in | CSES data refers to Renate Kuenast. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREAT BRITAIN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- John Major (Con) B - - - David Cameron (Con) - - A - Theresa May (Con) - - - A/- Boris Johnson (Con) - - - -/A Tony Blair (Lab) A - - - Ed Miliband (Lab) - - B - Jeremy Corbyn (Lab) - - - B/B Paddy Ashdown (LD) C - - - Nick Clegg (LD) - - D - Tim Farron (LD) - - - C/- Jo Swinson (LD) - - - -/C Alex Salmond (SNP) D - - - Nicola Sturgeon (SNP) - - E D/D Natalie Bennett (GP) - - F - Caroline Lucas (GP) - - - F/- Sian Berry (GP) - - - -/E Jonathan Bartley (GP) - - - -/H Dafydd Wigley (PC) E - - - Leanne Wood (PC) - - G G/- Adam Price (PC) - - - -/G Nigel Farage (UKIP / BP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - C -/F Paul Nuttal (UKIP) - - - E/- | POLITY NOTES - GREAT BRITAIN: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 5 questionnaire was fielded twice in Great | Britain, once in 2017 and once in 2019. In the table above, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2017, | while codes after the slash refer to 2019. | | Sian Berry and Jonathan Bartley were co-leaders of the Green | Party in 2019 (M5). | | Nigel Farage was leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) | in 2015 (M4). Farage formally resigned from UKIP in 2018 and | joined the Brexit Party (BP), which he led from 2019 (M5) to | 2021. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: GREECE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- George Papandreou (PASOK) - A - - Evangelos Venizelos (PASOK) - - C/G - Fofi Gennimata (PASOK) - - - D/C Kostas Karamanlis (ND) - B - - Antonis Samaras (ND) - - A/B - Vaggelis Meimarakis (ND) - - - B/- Kyriakos Mitsotakis (ND) - - - -/A Alexis Tsipras (SYRIZA) - E B/A A/B Aleka Papariga (KKE) - C G/- - Dimitris Koutsoumpas (KKE) - - -/E E/D Nikos Chrysogelos (Oik. Pras // OP) - F - - Nikolaos Michaloliakos (LS-XA) - - E/C C/- Panos Kammenos (ANEL) - - D/F G/- Kyriakos Velopoulos (Greek Solution) - - - -/E Fotis-Fanourios Kouvelis (DIMAR) - - F/- - Stavros Theodorakis (The River) - - -/D F/- Yanis Varoufakis (MeRA25) - - - -/F Georgios Karatzaferis (La.O.S) - D - - Vassilis Leventis (EK) - - - H/- | POLITY NOTES - GREECE: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 4 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Greece. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL leader codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | Greece, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 4: GREECE 2012 / GREECE 2015 Jan | CSES MODULE 5: GREECE 2015 Sep / GREECE 2019 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: HONG KONG --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jasper Tsang Yok-sing (DAB) B/B - - - Tam Yiu-chung (DAB) - A A - Starry Lee Wai King (DAB) - - - A Audrey Eu Yuet-mee (CPP) - C - B Alan Leong Kah-kit (CPP) - - B - Martin Lee Chu-ming (DP) A/A - - - Albert Ho Chun-yan (DP) - B C - Lam Shuk-yee (HKFTU) - - E D Lee Cheuk-yan (LAB) - - F - Raymond Wong Yuk-man (LSD / PP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - D D - Regina Ip Lau Suk-yee (NPP) - - H E Allen Lee Peng-fei (LP) E/- - - - James Tien Pei-chun (LP) -/E F - - Miriam Lau Kin-yee (LP) - - I - Frederick Fung Kin-kee (ADPL) D/D G - - Emily Lau Wai-hing (Frontier / DB) - SEE POLITY NOTES C/C H - C Christine Loh Kung-wai (Citizen's Party) F/- - - - Alex Chan Kai-chung (Citizen's Party) -/F - - - Baggio Leung Chung Hang (Youngspiration) - - - I | POLITY NOTES - HONG KONG: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Hong Kong, | once in 1998 and once in 2000. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 1998, while codes | after the slash refer to 2000. | | Raymond Wong Yuk-man was Chairman of the League of Social | Democrats (LSD) for the 2008 elections (CSES MODULE 3). However, | he resigned from the LSD and founded People Power (PP) in 2011, | which he led in the 2012 elections (CSES MODULE 4). | | Emily Lau Wai-hing was a member of the Frontier until 2008 (M3), | a political group she founded in 1996. In 2008, the Frontier | merged into the Democratic Party (DP). Lau chaired the DP from | 2012 to 2016 (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: HUNGARY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gyula Horn (MSZP) A - - - Molnar Gyla (MSZP) - - - C Viktor Orban (Fidesz - MPP) B - - A Vona Gabor (Jobbik) - - - B Istvan Csurka (MIEP) E - - - Sandor Lezsak (MDF) G - - - Gabor Kuncze (SZDSZ) D - - - Jozsef Torgyan (FKgP) C - - - Szel Bernadett (LMP) - - - D Gyurcsany Ferenc (DK) - - - E Karacsony Gergely (Dialogue for Hungary) - - - I --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ICELAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- David Oddsson (Sj) A - - - Geir Hilmar Haarde (Sj) - A/- - - Bjarni Benediktsson (Sj) - -/B A A/A Margret Frimsannsdottir (Sam) B - - - Ingibjorg Solrun Gisladottir (Sam) - B/- - - Johanna Sigurdardottir (Sam) - -/A - - Arni Pall Arnason (Sam) - - C - Oddny Haroardottir (Sam) - - - G/C Halldor Asgrimsson (F) C - - - Jon Sigurdsson (F) - D/- - - Sigmundur David Gunnlaugsson (F / M) -SEE POLITY NOTES - -/D B -/D Sigurour Ingi Johannsson (F) - - - D/E Sverrir Hermannsson (FF) E - - - Gudjon Arnar Kristjansson (FF) - E/F - - Steingrimur Johann Sigfusson (VG) D C/C - - Katrin Jakobsdottir (VG) - - D B/B Guomundur Steingrimsson (BF) - - E - Ottar Proppe (BF) - - - F/ Birgitta Jonsdottir (Pi) - - F C/- Porhilder Sunna Aevarsdottir - - - -/F Thor Saari (B) - -/E - - Omar Ragnarsson (IL) - F/- - - Benedikt Johannesson (Reform Party) - - - E/- Porgerour Katrin Gunnarsdottir (Reform Party) - - - -/H Inga Saeland (FIF) - - - -/G | POLITY NOTES - ICELAND: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Iceland. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL leader codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | Iceland, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: ICELAND 2007 / ICELAND 2009 | CSES MODULE 5: ICELAND 2016 / ICELAND 2017 | | Sigmundur David Gunnlaugsson was Prime Minister from May 2013 | to April 2016 and leader of the Progressive Party (F) from | 2009 to 2016. He resigned over revelations in the Panama Papers, | resulting in early elections in autumn 2016 (M5). Gunnlaugsson | founded the Center Party (M) ahead of the 2017 elections (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: INDIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Narendra Modi (BJP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - A Amit Shah (BJP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - I Rahul Gandhi (INC) - - - B Mamata Banerjee (AITC) - - - C Mayawati (BSP) - - - D Akhilesh Yadav (SP) - - - E Y.S. Jaganmohan Reddy (YSRCP) - - - F | POLITY NOTES - INDIA: LEADERS | | Narendra Modi (BJP) was incumbent Prime Minister and the BJP | candidate for Prime Minister for the 2019 election (M5). | | Amit Shah (BJP) served as the BJP's President at the time of the | 2019 election (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: IRELAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bertie Ahern (FF) - A - - Brian Cowen (FF) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - I - Michael Martin (FF) - - C B Enda Kenny (FG) - B A A Pat Rabbitte (Lab) - C - - Eamon Gilmore (Lab) - - B - Joan Burton (Lab) - - - D Gerry Adams (SF) - E D C Trevor Sargent (GP) - D - - Eamon Ryan (GP) - - F G Michael McDowell (PD) - F - - Richard Boyd Barrett (PBP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - E Stephen Donnelly (SD) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - F | POLITY NOTES - IRELAND: LEADERS | | Brian Cowen was the outgoing Prime Minister at the time of the | 2011 elections (CSES MODULE 4). He was replaced as leader of | Fianna Fail before the 2011 elections by Michael Martin. | | Anti-Austerity Alliance - People Before Profit (AAA-PBP) | operated under a collective leadership in 2016 (M5). Richard B. | Barrett (PBP) represented the alliance in a television debate | before the election. | | The Social Democrats, SD, officially had three leaders in 2016 | (M5). Stephen Donnelly represented the party in a television | debate before the election. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ISRAEL --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Benjamin Netanyahu (L) B D A A Shimon Peres (MHH) A - - - Amir Peretz (MHH) - B - F Shelly Yachimovich (MHH) - - C - Zvulun Hamer (Mafdal) D - - - Aryeh Deri (Shas) C - - D Eli Ishay (Shas) - C E - Yossi Sarid (Meretz) E - - - Yaakov Litzman (YH) - - - E Yair Lapid (YA) - - B - Naftali Bennett (HH / The New Right) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - D H Tzipi Livni (Hat) - - G - Ehud Olmert (Kadima) - A - - Avigdor Lieberman (YB) - E - G Beni Eilon (HaLe - Mafdal) - F - - Benny Gantz (KL) - - - B Ayman Odeh (Joint List) - - - C | POLITY NOTES - ISRAEL: LEADERS | | Naftali Bennett was leader of the Jewish Home (HH) from 2012 | to 2018 (M4). In December 2018, Bennet left the HH to form the | New Right, a member of the Yamina alliance contesting in the | 2020 election (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ITALY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Matteo Renzi (PD) - - - B Paolo Gentiloni (PD) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - I Silvio Berlusconi (FI) - - - D Matteo Salvini (LN) - - - C Luigi Di Maio (M5S) - - - A Pietro Grasso (LeU) - - - F Giorgia Meloni (FdI) - - - E | POLITY NOTES - ITALY: LEADERS | | Paolo Gentiloni replaced Matteo Renzi as Prime Minister of Italy | on December 12, 2016. Renzi, however, remained leader of the | Democratic Party (PD) but resigned after the 2018 election (M5). | Relational data in CSES MODULE 5 is available for both. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: JAPAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ryutaro Hashimoto (LDP) A - - - Shinzo Abe (LDP) - B A A Naoto Kan (DPJ) C - - - Ichiro Ozawa (NFP / DPJ / PLP) - SEE POLITY NOTES B A G - Banri Kaieda (DPJ) - - B - Akihiro Ohta (NK) - C - - Natsuo Yamaguchi (NK) - - F D Tetsuzo Fuwa (JCP) D - - - Kazuo Shii (JCP) - D C E Kuniko Tanioka (Green Wind) - - I - Tomiichi Murayama (SDP) E - - - Mizuho Fukushima (SDP) - E H - Shintaro Ishihara (JReP) - - E - Yukio Edano (CDP) - - - B Ichiro Matsui (Japan Innovation Party) - - - F Michio Watanabe (YP) - - D - Masayoshi Takemura (NPH) F - - - Yuriko Koike (Party of Hope) - - - C | POLITY NOTES - JAPAN: LEADERS | | Ichiro Ozawa changed party membership several times during his | political career. After leaving the Liberal Democratic Party | (LDP) in 1993, Ozawa ran for the New Frontier Party (NFP) in | the 1996 Japanese general election (CSES MODULE 1). At the time | of the 2007 Upper House Elections (CSES MODULE 3), Ozawa led the | Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ). He changed party membership | once again in 2012, founding both the party People's Life First | and the People's Life Party (now: Liberal Party). Thus, at the | time of the 2013 Upper House elections (CSES MODULE 4), Ichiro | Ozawa led the People's Life Party. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: KENYA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Raila Odinga (ODM) - - B - Uhuru Kenyatta (TNA) - - A - Musalia Mudavadi (UDFP) - - E - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: LATVIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Nils Usakovs (SC) - B A/A - Janis Urbanovics (SC) - - H/- - Vjaceslavs Dombrovskis (SC) - - - A Valdis Dombrovskis (V) - A C/- - Laimdota Straujuma (V) - - -/B - Gaidis Berzins (LNNK) - D - - Raivis Dzintars (LNNK) - - D/- - Roberts Zile (LNNK / NA) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - -/D E Andris Skele (PLL) - E - - Aivars Lembergs (ZZS) - C E/C - Maris Kucinskis (ZZS) - - - F Valdis Zatlers (RP) - - B/- - Aldis Gobzems (KPV LV) - - - B Inguna Sudraba (NsL) - - -/E - Martins Bondars (LRa) - - -/F - Ainars Slesers (LPP/LC) - - F/- - Tatjana Zdanoka (LKS) - F - - Andrejs Mamikins (LKS) - - - H Janis Bordans (JKP) - - - C Artis Pabriks (AP!) - - - D Krisjanis Karins (JV) - - - G | POLITY NOTES - LATVIA: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 4 questionnaire was fielded twice in Latvia, | once in 2011 and once in 2014. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/")" refers to 2011, while codes | after the slash refers to 2014. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: LITHUANIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Vytautas Landsbergis (TS - LK) C - - - Gabrielius Landsbergis (TS-LKD) - - - A/A Kazys Bobelis (Christian Democratic Party) E - - - Vytenis Andriukaitis (LSDP) D - - - Algirdas Butkevicius (LSDP) - - - C/- Gintautas Paluckas (LSDP) - - - -/D Rimantas Smetona (JL) I - - - Ramunas Karbauskis (LVZS) - - - B/B Remigijus Simasius (LRLS) - - - D/- Viktorija Cmilyte-Nielsen (LRLS) - - - -/F Valentinas Mazuronis (DP) - - - H/- Viktor Uspaskich (DP) - - - -/C Valdemar Tomasevski (LLRA-KSS) - - - F/G Ausrine Armonaite (LP) - - - -/E Rolandas Paksas (PTT) - - - G/- Arturas Paulauskas (Independent) A - - - Valdas Adamkus (Independent) B - - - Rolandas Pavilionis (Independent) F - - - Naglis Puteikis (LCP-LPP) - - - E/- --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: MEXICO --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ernesto Zedillo Ponce de Leon (PRI) A/- - - - Francisco Labastida Ochoa (PRI) -/B - - - Roberto Madrazo Pintado (PRI) - C/- - - Enrique Pena Nieto (PRI) - -/A A/- - Jose Antonio Meade Kuribrena (PRI) - - - C Diego Fernandez de Cevallos (PAN) B/- - - - Vicente Fox (PAN) -/A - - - Felipe Calderon Hinojosa (PAN) - A/B - - Josefina Vazquez Mota (PAN) - - B/- - Ricardo Anaya Cortes (PAN) - - - B Cuauhtemoc Cardenas Solorzano (PRD) C/C - - - A. M. Lopez Obrador (PRD / MORENA) - SEE POLITY NOTES - B/E C/- A Marcelo Ebrard (PRD) - -/C - - Roberto Campa Cifrian (PANAL, PNA) - G/- - - Gabriel Ricardo Quadri de la Torre (PANAL, PNA) - - F/- - Patricia Mercado (PSD) - H/ - - Jaime Heliodoro Rodriguez Calderon (Independent) - - - I | POLITY NOTES - MEXICO: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 1, 3 and 4 questionnaires were fielded twice in | Mexico. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL leader codes. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | Mexico, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 1: MEXICO 1997 / MEXICO 2000 | CSES MODULE 3: MEXICO 2006 / MEXICO 2009 | CSES MODULE 4: MEXICO 2012 / MEXICO 2015 | | Alphabetical leader codes for 2000 (M1), 2006 (M3), 2012 (M4), | and 2018 (M5) refers to Presidential candidates. | | Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador is listed as being affiliated to | the Labor Party (PT) for Mexico 2009 (M3). However, Obrador | was member of the Democratic Revolution Party (PRD) from 1989 to | 2012. In 2012, Lopez Obrador left the PRD to join the National | Regeneration Movement (MORENA), for which he contested the | 2018 Mexican Presidential election (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: MONTENEGRO --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Milo Djukanovic (DPS) - - A A Andrija Mandic (NSD) - - B B Srdjan Milic (SNP) - - C - Ranko Krivokapic (SDP) - - - E Darko Pajovic (PCG) - - D - Marija Vucinovic (HGI) - - I - Rafet Husovic (BS) - - E G Ivan Brajovic (SD) - - - F Aleksa Becic (DCG) - - - D Miodrag Lekic (DEMOS) - - - C Fatmir Gjeka (AK) - - H - Genci Nimanbegu (FZJ-FPB) - - G - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: NETHERLANDS --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jaap de Hoop Scheffer (CDA) C - - - Jan Peter Balkenende (CDA) - A/D - - Sybrand van Haersma Buma (CDA) - - - C/- Wopke Hoekstra (CDA) - - - -/D Wim Kok (PvdA) A - - - Wouter Bos (PvdA) - B/- - - Job Cohen (PvdA) - -/B - - Lodewijk Asscher (PvdA) - - - G/- Lilianne Ploumen (PvdA) - - - -/F Frits Bolkestein (VVD) B - - -/- Mark Rutte (VVD) - D/A - A/A Els Borst (D66) D - - - Alexander Pechtold (D66) - H/F - D/- Sigrid Kaag (D66) - - - -/B Paul Rosenmoller (GL) E - - - Femke Halsema (GL) - F/G - - Jesse Klaver (GL) - - - E/G Jan Marijnissen (SP) F C/- - -/- Emile Roemer (SP) - -/E - F/- Lilian Marijnissen (SP) - - - -/E Bas van der Vlies (SGP) - I/- - -/- Kees van der Staaij (SGP) - -/I - -/- Andre Rouvoet (CU) - G/H - - Gert-Jan Segers (CU) - - - H/I Geert Wilders (PVV) - E/C - B/C Marianne Thieme (PvdD) - - - I/- Thierry Baudet (FvD) - - - -/H | POLITY NOTES - NETHERLANDS: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in the | Netherlands. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL leader codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | the Netherlands, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: NETHERLANDS 2006 / NETHERLANDS 2010 | CSES MODULE 5: NETHERLANDS 2017 / NETHERLANDS 2021 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: NEW ZEALAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jim Bolger (NP) A - - - John Key (NP) - A A/A - Bill English (NP) - - - A/- Judith Collins (NP) - - - -/B Helen Clark (Lab) B B - - Phil Goff (Lab) - - B/- - David Cunliffe (Lab) - - -/B - Jacinda Ardern (Lab) - - - B/A Winston Peters (NZF) C D D/D C/E Richard Prebble (ACT) E - - - Rodney Hide (ACT) - E - - Don Brash (ACT) - - H/- - Jamie Whyte (ACT) - - -/H - David Seymour (ACT) - - - G/D Jeanette Fitzsimmons (GP) - C - - Russel Norman (GP) - - C/- - Metiria Turei (GP) - - -/C - James Shaw (GP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - D/C Marama Davidson (GP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - -/I Peter Dunne (UFNZ) - H I/I - Colin Craig (CP) - - -/E - Leighton Baker (NC) - - - -/G Tania Turia (MP) - F - - Pita Sharples (MP) - - F/- - Te Uroroa Flavell (MP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - -/G F/- Marama Fox (MP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - I/- John Tamihere (MP) - - - -/H Jim Anderton (ALL / PP) - SEE POLITY NOTES D G - - Hone Harawira (MANA) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - G/F H/- Graham Lee (Christian Coalition) F - - - Gareth Morgan (TOP) - - - E/- Geoff Simmons (TOP) - - - -/F | POLITY NOTES - NEW ZEALAND: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 4 and 5 questionnaires were fielded twice in | New Zealand. The table above lists ALPHABETICAL leader codes | chronologically in columns, in ascending order. Thus, | ALPHABETICAL leader codes before the slash ("/") refer to the | study that included the respective CSES MODULE first, while codes | after the slash refer to the later study. Specifically, for | New Zealand, ALPHABETICAL codes refer to: | CSES MODULE 3: NEW ZEALAND 2011 / NEW ZEALAND 2014 | CSES MODULE 5: NEW ZEALAND 2017 / NEW ZEALAND 2020 | | In 2017 (M5), The Maori Party (MP) had two leaders, Te Ururoa | Flavel and Marama Fox. Relational data in CSES IMD is available | for both. | | In 2020 (M5), The Green Party (GP) had two leaders, James Shaw | and Marama Davidson. Relational data in CSES IMD is available | for both. | | Jim Anderton was a founder and leader of the Alliance (ALL) | until 2002. Ahead of the 2002 election (M2), Anderton left | ALL and founded the Progressive Party (PP). | | Hone Harawira (MANA) ran for an electoral coalition in 2014, | together with the Internet Party. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: NORWAY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Thorbjorn Jagland (Ap) A - - - Jens Stoltenberg (Ap) - A/A A - Jonas Gahr Store (Ap) - - - A Jan Petersen (H) C - - - Erna Solberg (H) - C/C B B Carl Ivar Hagen (FrP) B B/- - - Siv Jensen (FrP) - -/B C C Kristin Halvorsen (SV) F D/D - - Audun Lysbakken (SV) - - G E Rasmus Hansson (MDG) - - - H Ann Enger Lahnstein (Sp) E - - - Aslaug Haga (Sp) - F/- - - Liv Signe Navarsete (Sp) - -/E E - Trygve Slagsvold Vedum (Sp) - - - D Kjell Magne Bondevik (KrF) D - - - Dagfinn Hoybraten (KrF) - E/F - - Knut Arild Hareide (KrF) - - D G Lars Sponheim (V) - G/G - - Trine Skei Grande (V) - - F F Bjornar Moxnes (R) - - - I Torstein Dale (RV) - H/H - - | POLITY NOTES - NORWAY: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Norway, | once in 2005 and once in 2009. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2005, while codes | after the slash refers to 2009. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: PERU --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Keiko Fujimori (FP) - B A B Pedro Pablo Kuzcynski (APGC / PPK) - SEE POLITY NOTES - D B - Veronika Mendoza (Frente Amplio / JP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - C F Cesar Acuna Peralta (APP) - - D G Alan Garcia (PAP) - SEE POLITY NOTES -/B - E - Alfredo Barnechea (AP) - - F - Yohny Lescano (AP) - - - E Gregorio Santos (Direct Democracy) - - G - Alejandro Toledo (Possible Peru) B/A C - - Pedro Castillo (PL) - - - A Rafael Lopez Aliaga (RP) - - - C Hernando de Soto (AvP) - - - D Alberto Andrade (PDSP) D/- - - - Fernando Olivera (FIM) C/D - - - Abel Salinas (PAP) E/- - - - Ciro Galvez (Andean Renaissance) -/F - - - Carlos Bolona (People's Solution) -/E - - - Luis Castaneda Lossio (PSN) - SEE POLITY NOTES F/- E - - Daniel Urresti (PP) - - - H Julio Guzman (PM) - - - I Ollanta Humala Tasso (UPP) - A - - Lourdes Flores Nano (UN) -/C - - - Alberto Fujimori (Peru 2000) A/- - - - | POLITY NOTES - PERU: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Peru, | once in 2000 and once in 2001. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2000, while codes | after the slash refers to 2001. | | Leader codes for 2021 (M5) refer to Presidential candidates. | | Pedro Pablo Kuzcynski was the Presidential Candidate of the | Alliance for the Great Change (APGC) in the 2011 Peruvian | Presidential Elections (CSES MODULE 3), although he himself was | non-partisan at this time. In 2016 (CSES MODULE 4), Kuzcynski | contested for the Peruvians for Change (PPK), of which he is the | founder. | | Veronika Mendoza contested the 2016 Presidential election (M4) | for the Broad Front for Justice, Life and Liberty (Frente | Amplio). However, she left the coalition in 2017 to become the | leader of New Peru (NP). In 2021 (M5), Mendoza contested | the Presidential election for the Together for Peru (JP) | electoral coalition of which New Peru is a member. | | Alan Garcia ran as candidate for the Popular Alliance in the | Presidential Elections of 2016 (CSES MODULE 4), of which the PAP | was a member. The alliance was dissolved after the elections. | | Luis Castaneda Lossio fought for the National Solidarity | Alliance in the Peruvian Presidential Election of 2011 (CSES | MODULE 3), of which the PSN was a member. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: PHILIPPINES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Benigno Cojuangco Aquino III (LP) - A - - Manuel Araneta Roxas II (LP) - - A - Manuel Bamba Villar Jr. (NP) - C - - Jejomar Binay (UNA) - - E - Rodrigo Roa Duterte (PDP-LABAN) - - F - Gilberto Cojuangco Teodoro Jr. (LAKAS-CMD) - D - - Mary Grace Poe-Llamanzares (Aksyon) - - H - Miriam Palma Defensor Santiago (PRP) - - I - Joseph Ejercito Estrada (PMP) - B - - John Carlos Gordon de los Reyes (AKP) - I - - Richard Juico Gordon (VNP) - F - - Eduardo Cruz Villanueva (BP) - E - - Jesus N.P. Perlas (Independent) - G - - Jamby A.S. Madrigal (Independent) - H - - | POLITY NOTES - PHILIPPINES: LEADERS | | Alphabetical leader codes for the Philippines refer to | Presidential candidates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: POLAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Donald Tusk (PO) - B/A A - Grzegorz Schetyna (PO) - - - B Malgorzata Kidawa-Blonska (PO) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - I Lech Kaczynski (PiS) - A/- - - Jaroslaw Kaczynski (PiS) - I/B B A Mateusz Morawiecki (PiS) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - H Waldemar Pawlak (PSL) D -/D D - Wladyslaw Kosiniak-Kamysz (PSL) - - - C Marian Krzaklewski (AWSP) A - - - Ryszard Bugaj (UP) F - - - Leszek Balcerowicz (UW) C - - - Wlodzimierz Cimoszewicz (SLD) B - - - Jozef Oleksy (SLD) - D/- - - Aleksander Kwasniewski (SLD) - -/C - - Grzegorz Napieralski (SLD) - - E - Wlodzimierz Czarzasty (SLD) - - - D Jan Olszewski (ROP) E - - - Maciej Giertych (LPR) - E/- - - Ruch Palikota (Palikots Movement) - - C - Andrzej Lepper (SRP) - C/- - - Pawel Kukiz (K'15) - - - E Robert Biedron (Spring) - - - G Marek Borowski (SDPL) - H/- - - | POLITY NOTES - POLAND: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 3 questionnaire was fielded twice in Poland, | once in 2005 and once in 2007. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/")" refers to 2005, while codes | after the slash refers to 2007. | | Malgorzata Kidawa-Blonska (PO) and Mateusz Morawiecki (PiS) | were not the leaders, but the Prime Ministerial candidates of | their respective parties in the 2019 election (M5). Mateusz | Morawiecki was endorsed by the electoral alliance United Right, | Malgorzata Kidawa-Blonska by the electoral alliance Civic | Coalition. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: PORTUGAL --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jose Manuel Barroso (PSD) A - - - Manuela F. Leite (PSD) - B - - Pedro Passos Coelho (PSD) - - A - Rui Rio (PSD) - - - B Ferro Rodrigues (PS) B - - - Jose Socrates (PS) - A - - Antonio Costa (PS) - - B A Paulo Portas (CDS-PP) C C H - Assuncao Cristas (CDS-PP) - - - E Carlos Carvalhas (CDU) D - - - Jeronimo de Sousa (CDU) - E D D Francisco Louca (BE) E D - - Catarina Martins (BE) - - C C Garcia Pereira (PCTP/MRPP) F - - - Marinho e Pinto (PDR) - - F - Andre Silva (PAN) - - - F --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETIC LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: ROMANIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Ion Iliescu (PSD) B - - - Mircea Geoana (PSD) - SEE POLITY NOTES - B - - Victor Ponta (PSD) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - A/A - Liviu Dragnea (PSD) - - - A Dan Diaconescu (PP-DD) - - C/D - Gyorgy Frunda (UDMR) D - - - Hunor Kelemen (UDMR) - E D/F D Corneliu Vadim Tudor (PRM) E D E/E - Mircea Ionescu-Quintus (PNL) G - - - Klaus Werner Iohannis (PNL) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - -/B H Crin Antonescu (PNL) - SEE POLITY NOTES - C H/- - Alina Gorghiu (PNL) - - - B George Becali (PNGCD) - G - - Nicusor Dan (USR) - - - C Traian Basescu (P-DL / PMP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - A I/- F Vasile Blaga (P-DL) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - B/- - Emil Constantinescu (CDR) A - - - Gheorghe Funar (PUNR) F - - - Calin Popescu Tariceanu (Indep./ALDE)- SEE POLITY NOTES - - -/H E Bogdan Diaconu (PRU) - - - G Marian Munteanu (ANR) - - - I Elena Gabriela Udrea (PMP) - - -/C - Sorin Oprescu (Independent) - F - - Monica-Luisa Macovei (Independent) - - -/I - | POLITY NOTES - ROMANIA: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 4 questionnaire was fielded twice in Romania, | once in 2012 and once in 2014. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2012, while codes | after the slash refers to 2014. | | Leaders listed for Romania 2009 (MODULE 3) and Romania 2014 | (MODULE 4) denote candidates for the Romanian Presidential | elections. | | At the time of the Romanian Presidential elections 2009, Mircea | Geoana was member of the Romanian Party of Social Democracy | (PSD). He was also supported by the Conservative Party (PC). | | At the time of the 2012 Romanian legislative election (MODULE 4) | Victor Ponta (PSD) and Crin Antonescu (PNL) were co-Presidents | of the Social Liberal Union (USL), an electoral alliance formed | between their parties, the Conservative Party (PC) and the | National Union for Romania's Progress (UNPR). | For the 2014 Presidential election, Victor Ponta competed as the | candidate of the PSD-UNPR-PC Electoral Alliance, an electoral | alliance made up of the Social Democratic Party (PSD), the | National Union for Romania's Progress (UNPR), and the | Conservative Party (PC). | | Klaus Werner Iohannis competed as the candidate of the Christian | Liberal Alliance (ACL) in the 2014 Presidential elections. The | alliance was composed of his party, the National Liberal Party | (PNL) and the Liberal Democratic Party (PDL). | | Traian Basescu was President of Romania from 2004 to 2014. While | he had officially run as an independent in the 2009 Romanian | Presidential election, Basescu was backed by the Democratic | Liberal Party (P-DL) and later by the Alliance for a Just Romania | (ARD). | | At the time of the 2012 Romanian election, Vasile Blaga was the | leader of the Democratic Liberal Party (P-DL). His party formed | the Alliance for a Just Romania (ARD) for the elections, | together with the Civic Force (FC), and the Christian Democratic | National Peasant Party (PNTCD). | | Calin Popescu-Tariceanu contested the 2014 Romania Presidential | election (M4) as independent after heaving left the National | Liberal Party (PNL). Ahead of the 2014 contest, he founded the | Liberal Reformist Party (PLR) not registered in time for the | upcoming election. In 2015, the PLR merged together with the | Conservative Party (PC) to form the Alliance of Liberals and | Democrats (ALDE). Popescu-Tariceanu led ALDE from 2015 to | 2020 and hence also at the 2016 legislative election (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: RUSSIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Gennady Zyuganov (KPRF) A/- - - - Grigory Yavlinskiy (RDPY) F/- - - - Yuri Luzhkov (OBP) C/- - - - Vladimir Zhirinovsky E/- - - - Sergey Kiriyenko (SPS) D/- - - - Sergey Shoygu (Unity Inter-Regional movement) B/- - - - | POLITY NOTES - RUSSIA: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Russia, | once in 1999 and once in 2000. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 1999. Leader | ratings are unavailable for Russia 2000. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SERBIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tomislav Nikolic (SNS) - - A - Boris Tadic (DS) - - B - Ivica Dacic (SPS) - - C - Vojislav Kostunica (DSS) - - D - Cedomir Jovanovic (LDP) - - E - Zoran Stankovic (URS) - - F - Jadranka Seselj (SRS) - - G - | POLITY NOTES - SERBIA: LEADERS | | Alphabetical leader codes for Serbia refer to Presidential | candidates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVAKIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Robert Fico (Smer) - SEE POLITY NOTES - A A H Peter Pellegrini (Smer / HLAS) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - B Richard Sulik (SaS) - C B F Igor Matovic (OLaNO) - - C A Jan Slota (SNS) - F - - Andrej Danko (SNS) - - D - Marian Kotleba (LsNS) - - E D Boris Kollar (SR) - - F C Bela Bugar (MH) - E G - Radoslav Prochazka (S) - - H - Jan Figel (KDH) - D - - Iveta Radicova (SDKU - DS) - B - - Vladimir Meciar (LS - HZDS) - H - - Pal Csaky (SMK) - G - - Marek Blaha (SDL) - I - - Andrej Kiska (ZL) - - - G Michal Truban (PS - SPOLU) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - E | POLITY NOTES - SLOVAKIA: LEADERS | | Robert Fico is the founder and leader of Direction - Social | Democracy (Smer) since 1999. He served as Slovak Prime Minister | from 2006 to 2010 and (M3) and 2012 to 2018. Hence, Fico was | reelected as Prime Minister in 2016 (M4), but resigned mid-term | over anti-government protests set off by the murder of a Slovak | investigative journalist and his fiancee. Peter Pellegrini | succeeded Fico in office and contested the 2020 election (M5) as | incumbent Prime Minister. | | Peter Pellegrini was incumbent Prime Minister from Smer at the | 2020 election (M5). However, Pellegrini left the party after | the election and formed a new party "Voice - Social Democracy | (HLAS)". | | Michal Truban is a Slovak politician, entrepreneur, investor and | founder of several startups, who is a former chairman of the | Progressive Slovakia political party and leader of Progressive | Slovakia - SPOLU coalition for the 2020 election (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SLOVENIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Janez Jansa (SDS) C B B - Borut Pahor (SD) E A C - Karel Erjavec (DeSUS) - D E - Janez Drnovsek (LDS) A - - - Katarina Kresal (LDS) - G - - Marjan Podobnik (SLS) B - - - Bojan Srot (SLS) - F - - Radovan Zerjav (SLS) - - F - Ljudmila Novak (NSi) - H G - Zmago Jelincic (SNS) G E H - Gregor Virant (DIGV) - - D - Zoran Jankovic (LZJ-PS) - - A - Lojze Peterle (SKD) D - - - Gregor Golobic (ZARES) - C - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH AFRICA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jacob Zuma (ANC) - A A - Helen Zille (DA) - B B - Julius Malema (EFF) - - C - Mangosuthu Buthelezi (IFP) - D D - Zanele kaMagwaza-Msibi (NFP) - - E - Bantu Holomisa (UDM) - F F - Pieter Mulder (VF Plus) - G G - Mosiuoa Lekota (COPE) - C H - Kenneth Moshoe (ACDP) - H I - Particia De Lille (ID) - E - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SOUTH KOREA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Lee Hoi-chang (NFP / LFP) - SEE POLITY NOTES A C - - Park Geun-hye (NFP) - A A - Kim Moo-sung (NFP) - - - A Son Hak-gyu (DUP) - B - - Moon Jae-in (DUP / DP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - B I Kwon Young-ghil (Democratic Liberal Party) E - - - Kim Chong-in (DP) - - - B Kim Dae-jung (MDP) B - - - Kim Jong-pil (ULD) C - - - Ahn Cheol-soo (PP) - - - C Sim Sang-jung (DLP) - E - - Kim Yong Whan (NKPH) F - - - Moon Kook-hyun (Renewal of Korea Party) - F - - | POLITY NOTES - SOUTH KOREA: LEADERS | | Lee Hoi-chang was the leader of the New Frontier Party (NFP) | from 1998 to 2002 (M1). After losing the 2002 Presidential | elections in 2002, Lee temporarily retired from politics. In | 2007, he again contested the Presidential elections as | independent, after which he founded the Liberty Forward Party | (LFP). Lee also led the LFP during the 2008 legislative | election (M3). | | Moon Jae-in was not the leader, but the Presidential candidate | of the Democratic United Party (DUP) in 2012 (M4). Following | the merger of the DUP with New Political Vision Party into | the Democratic Party of Korea (DP), Moon took on DP leadership | in 2015, which he held until January 2016 (M5). In 2017, Moon | was elected as 12th President of South Korea, a position he | held until May 2022. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SPAIN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Felipe Gonzalez (PSOE) B/B - - - Jose L. R. Zapatero (PSOE) - A - - Jose Maria Aznar (PP) A/A - - - Mariano Rajoy (PP) - B - - Joaquim Molins (CiU) D/- - - - X. TRIAS (CiU) -/D - - - Josep A. D. Lleida (CiU) - C - - Julio Anguita (IU) C/- - - - Francisco Frutos (IU) -/C - - - Gaspar Llamazares (IU) - F - - Inaki Anasagati (PNV) E/E - - - Josu Erkoreka (PNV) - D - - Francisco Jonquera (BNG) - G - - Joan Ridao (ERC) - E - - Rosa Diez (UPyD) - I - - Ana Oramas (CC - PNC) - H - - | POLITY NOTES - SPAIN: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 1 questionnaire was fielded twice in Spain, | once in 1996 and once in 2000. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 1996, while codes | after the slash refers to 2000. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWEDEN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Goran Persson (SAP) A A - - Stefan Lofven (SAP) - - A A Carl Bildt (M) B - - - Frederik Reinfeldt (M) - B B - Ulf Kristersson (M) - - - B Lars Leijonbourg (FP) - SEE ELECTION STUDY NOTES F D - - Jan Bjorklund (L) - - G G Alf Svensson (KD) - SEE ELECTION STUDY NOTES D - - - Goran Hagglund (KD) - E H - Ebba Busch Thor (KD) - - - F Maria Wetterstrand (MP) - G - - Gustav Fridolin (MP) - - D H Lennart Daleus (C) E - - - Maud Olofsson (C) - C - - Annie Loof (C) - - E D Gudrun Schyman (V / Fi) - SEE POLITY NOTES C I I I Lars Ohly (V) - F - - Jonas Sjostedt (V) - - F E Jimmie Akesson (SD) - - C C | POLITY NOTES - SWEDEN: LEADERS | | Gudrun Schyman was a member of the Left Party (V) until 2004. | She is one of the founding members of the Feminist Initiative | (Fi) and leader of that party since 2005. | ELECTION STUDY NOTES - SWEDEN: LEADERS | | The CSES Module 1 Codebook lists Lars Leijonborg both as leader | of the Christian Democrats, and the Liberal People's Party, | although Leijonborg was only chairman of the Liberals at the | time of the 1998 Swedish general election. For the Christian | Democrats, respondents were asked to rate its chairman at that | time, Alf Svensson. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: SWITZERLAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Christoph Blocher (SVP/UDC) A A A - Guy Parmelin (SVP/UDC) - - - A Ruth Dreifuss (SP/PS) B - - - Micheline Calmy-Rey (SP/PS) - B - - Simonetta Sommaruga (SP/PS) - - B - Alain Berset (SP/PS) - - - B Ruth Metzler (CVP/PDC) D - - - Doris Leuthard (CVP/PDC) - D D - Viola Amherd (CVP/PDC) - - - E Franz Steinegger (FDP/PLR) C - - - Pascal Couchepin (FDP/PLR) - C - - Didier Burkhalter (FDP / PLR) - - C - Karin Keller-Sutter (FDP/PLR) - - - C Regula Rytz (GPS/PES) - - - D --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: TAIWAN --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Peng Ming Min (DPP) B - - - Frank Hsieh (DPP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - B - - Su Tseng-Chang (DPP) - I - - Tsai Ing-Wen (DPP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - B A/A Su Jia-Chyuan (DPP) - - H - Lee Tung-Hui (KMT) A - - - Ma Ying-Jeou (KMT) - SEE POLITY NOTES - A A - Vincent Siew (KMT) - H - - Wu Den-Yih (KMT) - - G - Eric Chu (KMT) - - - B/- Han Kuo-Yu (KMT) - - - -/B James Soong (PFP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - C F/E Lin Ruey-Shiung (PFP) - - I - Lin Yang-Gang (NP) C - - - | POLITY NOTES - TAIWAN: LEADERS | | The CSES MODULE 5 questionnaire was fielded twice in Taiwan, | once in 2016 and once in 2020. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2016, while codes | after the slash refers to 2020. | | Alphabetical leader codes for Taiwan in 2008 (M3), 2012 (M4), | and 2016 and 2020 (M5) refer to Presidential candidates. | | In CSES MODULES 3 and 4, respondents are asked to rate not only | Presidential candidates but also the vice Presidential | candidates. In the above table, alphabetical codes A-C refer to | Presidential candidates while alphabetical codes G-I refer to | Vice-Presidential candidates. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: THAILAND --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Yongyuth Wichaidit (PPT) - - A - Sudarat Keyuraphan (PPT) - - - B Chuan Leekpai (DP) B - - - Abhisit Vejjajiva (DP) - B B D Newin Chidchob (BJT) - - C - Anuthin Chanveerakul (BJT) - - - E Chuwit Kamolvisit (Love Thailand Party) - - D - Chumpol Silapa-archa (CP) - - E - Kanchana Silpa-archa (CP) - - - G Wannarat Channukul (Nat. Dev. of the Motherland P.) - - F - Purachai Piumsomboon (Peaceloving Party) - - G - Suwit Khunkitti (Phak Matunhum Party) - D - - Sonthi Boonyaratglin (Phak Matunhum Party) - - H - Prayut Chan-o-cha (PPRP) - - - A Wan Muhamad Noor Matha (People's Nation Party) - - - I Samak Sundaravej (PPP) - A - - Sanoh Thienthong (PRP) - G - - Banharn Silpa-archa (CTP) D C - - Thaskin Shinawatra (TRT) - SEE POLITY NOTES A - - H Chavalit Yongchaiyudh (New Aspiration Party) C - - - Prachai Leophai (MCM) - F - - Prawae (Referendum Party) - H - - Suwat Liptapanlop (National Development Party) E - - - Chetta Thanajaro (Thais United National Development - E - - Party) Thanathorn Juangroongruangkit (FFP) - - - C Seripisut Temiyavet (TLP) - - - F | POLITY NOTES - THAILAND: LEADERS | | Thaksin Shinawatra served as Prime Minister of Thailand from | 2001 until his deposition by a military coup in September 2006, | after which he was banned from political activity. Influencing | Thai politics from abroad, Shinawatra's supporters refer to | themselves as "red shirts" as opposed to the "yellow shirts" - | the two endpoints of the alternative scale available for the | Thai 2019 study in CSES MODULE 5. | Shinawatra is affiliated to the For Thais Party (PPT), the | successor party of his Thai Rak Thai Party (TRT) that was | disbanded in 2007. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: TUNISIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rached Ghannouchi (Ennahda Movement) - - - A Nabil Karoui (Heart of Tunisia) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - B Abir Moussi (Free Destourian Party) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - C Mohamed Abbou (Democratic Current) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - D Seifeddine Makhlouf (Dignity Coalition) - SEE POLITY - - - E NOTES Zouheir Maghzaoui (People's Movement) - - - F | POLITY NOTES - TUNISIA: LEADERS | | Nabil Karoui (Heart of Tunisia), Abir Moussi (Free Destourian | Party), Mohamed Abbou (Democratic Current), and Seifeddine | Makhlouf (Dignity Coalition) were the Presidential candidates of | their respective parties/coalitions in the 2019 Presidential | Election (CSES MODULE 5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: TURKEY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Recep Tayyip Erdogan (AKP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - A - A Ahmet Davutoglu (AKP) - - A - Kemal Kilicdaroglu (CHP) - B B B Devlet Bahceli (MHP) - C C D Selahattin Demirtas (HDP) - D D - Pervin Buldan (HDP) - - - C Mustafa Kamalak (SP) - E E - Temel Karamollaoglu (SP) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - F Dogu Perincek (VP) - - F - Numan Kurtulmus (HSP) - F - - Masum Tuerker (DSP) - I - - Namyk Kemal Zeybek (DP) - H - - Yalcin Topcu (BBP) - G - - Meral Aksener (IYI) - SEE POLITY NOTES - - - E | POLITY NOTES - TURKEY: LEADERS | | Recep Tayyip Erdogan (AKP), Temel Karamollaoglu (SP), and | Meral Aksener (IYI) were the Presidential candidates of their | respective parties in the 2018 Presidential Election (M5). --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: UKRAINE --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Petro Symonenko (Communist Party of Ukraine) A - - - Viacheslav Chornovil (People's Ruks of Ukraine) B - - - Sergiy Dovgan (Peasants Party of Ukraine) F - - - Anatoliy Matviyenko (People's-Democratic Party) E - - - Vasiliy Onopenko (Social-Democratic Party) G - - - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: UNITED STATES --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Bob Dole (GOP) B - - - John McCain (GOP) - B - - Mitt Romney (GOP) - - B - Donald J. Trump (GOP) - - - B/B Bill Clinton (DEM) A - - - Barack Obama (DEM) - A A - Hillary Rodham Clinton (DEM) - - - A/- Joseph R. Biden Jr. (DEM) - - - -/A | POLITY NOTES - UNITED STATES: LEADERS | | Alphabetical leader codes for the United States refer to | Presidential candidates. | | The CSES MODULE 5 questionnaire was fielded twice in the USA, | once in 2016 and once in 2020. In the table above, ALPHABETICAL | leader codes before the slash ("/") refers to 2016, while codes | after the slash refers to 2020. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>> ALPHABETICAL LEADER CODES BY CSES MODULE: URUGUAY --------------------------------------------------------------------------- NAME OF LEADER AND PARTY AFFILIATION ABBREVIATION M1 M3 M4 M5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------- Jose Mujica (FA) - A - - Daniel Martinez (FA) - - - A Luis Alberto Lacalle de Herrera (PN) - B - - Luis Lacalle Pou (PN) - - - B Pedro Bordaberry (Colorado Party) - C - - Ernesto Talvi (Colorado Party) - - - C Pablo Mieres (PI) - D - - Raul Rodriguez Leles da Silva (Popular Assembly) - E - - | POLITY NOTES - URUGUAY: LEADERS | | Alphabetical leader codes for the Uruguay refer to Presidential | candidates. //END OF FILE